The development history of single-chip microcomputer: 1. The original single-chip microcomputer was launched by Intel Corporation. In the 1980s, Intel launched the MCS-51 series of single-chip microcomputers, and gradually introduced 32-bit and 64-bit single-chip microcomputers; Intel's later route is high performance and high power consumption.
2. Early part of the microcontroller and CPU.
3. The single-chip microcomputer in the modern sense is a compatible single-chip microcomputer, and there are many brands. Among them, the STC-51 series of Hongjing Technology is the most widely used, most well-known and competitive in China.
The development route and direction of the microcontroller: 1. The main frequency is getting higher and higher.
2. There are more and more internal peripherals, more and more complex, and more and more powerful performance.
3. RAM and ROM are getting bigger and bigger, can run more complex programs and store more codes.
4. Integrate other modules to make a dedicated SOC (soc is an integrated circuit chip)
The characteristics of different microcontrollers: a, 51 series: 1, low performance, common (disadvantage); 2, IP free, cost-effective.
b. PIC series: 1. There are 16-bit and 32-bit, high performance, industrial application (strong anti-interference ability). 2. Typical risc architecture (architecture: abstract description of software structure and components); 3. The cost performance is not high, and there are many cottage products.
c. AVR microcontroller series: produced by Atmel Corporation.
d. MSP430, STM48, etc.: Many manufacturers have their own microcontroller series with their own characteristics.
e. ARM, Cortex-M microcontroller: high performance, reasonable architecture, low power consumption, the main development direction is the Cortex-M series
The current actual use of single-chip microcomputer ideas: low-cost and low-performance 51, PIC series single-chip microcomputer, high-priced and high-performance Cortex-M series.
Features of each series of STC 51:
1. 1T single-chip microcomputer: frequency division, single-chip microcomputer with main frequency of 12MHZ, high performance, main frequency = CPU operating frequency = frequency generated by external crystal oscillator
2. ISP/IAP support (in-system programming/on-line programming)
3. High cost performance
4. Good stability and anti-interference.
Models and features of STC 51: 1. STC89/90 series: 89 is the earliest, traditional typical 51 single-chip microcomputer, 89/90 series belongs to low-end 51, low price, low performance, suitable for learning.
2. STC11, 12, 15 series (1T single chip microcomputer) new, 51 single chip single chip, high performance partial, high and low configuration, different prices, from STC11 to 15, the more new the process, the more optional configuration, cost-effective higher.