Docker usage commands and tricks

Now that Docker's basic commands and usage methods have been built, of course we have to learn, and some tips such as batch operation image acceleration and how to find suitable Docker-Images are all covered in this section.

attach:

Meow's blog: w-blog.cn

Official Git address: https://github.com/moby/moby

1. Docker basic operation commands

Docker container lifecycle management

docker run executes a command in a new container
docker start starts one or more stopped containers
docker stop stops a running container
docker restart restarts a running container
docker kill kills a running container
docker rm removes one or more containers
docker pause pauses all processes of a container
docker unpaunse restores all processes of a container

Docker container operation and maintenance

docker ps list containers
docker inspect lists low-level information about a container or image
docker top shows the processes running in a container
docker attach attaches a running container
docker events get real-time events from services
docker log to get the log of a container
docker wait blocks until a container stops, then prints its exit code
docker export exports a container's filesystem as a tar file
docker port lists the ports mapped by the container

docker version management

docker commit creates a new image from a container
docker cp copies a file or directory from a container to a local directory or stdout
docker diff shows changes to a container's filesystem

docker image repository

docker login to log in to the warehouse
docker pull pulls the image
docker push push image
docker search search for images

Docker local image management

docker images list local images
docker rmi delete the local image
docker tag tag the local image
docker build builds a local image through Dockerfile
docker history lists the history of the image
docker save saves the local image as a tar file
docker import imports images through tar
docker load loads the tar image

docker other commands

docker info
docker version

2. Tips

Bulk operations

Many times it is found that it may be necessary to clean up the Docker environment, but it is too troublesome to stop the containers one by one and delete them one by one. Use the following commands to quickly process batch deletions

> docker ps // 查看所有正在运行容器
> docker stop containerId // containerId 是容器的ID
> docker ps -a // 查看所有容器
> docker ps -a -q // 查看所有容器ID
> docker stop $(docker ps -a -q) //  stop停止所有容器
> docker rm $(docker ps -a -q) //   remove删除所有容器
> docker rmi $(docker images -a -q) //   删除所有的镜像

hub.docker

Since we use docker, we will use a lot of the environment mentioned by others. Often we go to https://hub.docker.com/ to find the mirror we need

Search for the mirror you need

By default, docker will pull from hub.docker when pulling an image. Use the following command to pull the first image above

docker pull richarvey/nginx-php-fpm

Domestic mirror warehouse and mirror source

For domestic mirror warehouses, you can apply for an Alibaba Cloud account and use its free Docker warehouse directly

The corresponding Docker source address needs to go to Alibaba Cloud Container Image Management to apply for and use other domestic Docker sources (if it is not configured, the subsequent K8S installation is very slow)

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://xxxxxx.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF

# 重启
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

Note: The author has limited ability and I hope that everyone can point out the wrong places, and I hope to communicate more!