1. tr: delete or replace the text of a piece of information -d: delete -s: replace
2, col -x: convert the tab key to the equivalent space bar
3. split [-bl] filename: -b, followed by the size of the file to be split; -l, split by the number of lines
4. grep [-A][-B][--color=auto] 'Search string' filename
-A:after, in addition to listing this line, the following n lines are also listed
-B:before, in addition to listing the new lines, the previous n lines are also listed
--color=auto : The data to be searched can be listed in color
5. sed [-nefi] [action]
-n: quiet mode, only those that have been specially processed will be listed on the screen
-e: Edit the action of sed directly on the command mode
-f: write sed actions directly in a file
-i: directly modify the content of the read file, not by the screen
a: new
c: replace
d: delete
i: insert
p: print
s: replace