(1)查看网卡信息：ifconfig。
默认下，Ubuntu系统中没有ifconfig命令，需要进行安装，安装命令为：sudo apt-get install net-tools。
ifconfig：该命令会显示网卡的信息。
# 查看网卡信息
fu@fu-virtual-machine:~/桌面$ ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.159.128 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.159.255
inet6 fe80::da4d:c9e6:39fc:8287 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:b0:35:58 txqueuelen 1000 (以太网)
RX packets 468203 bytes 653390045 (653.3 MB)
RX errors 1129 dropped 4 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 171357 bytes 14191036 (14.1 MB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
device interrupt 19 base 0x2000
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (本地环回)
RX packets 7504 bytes 777975 (777.9 KB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 7504 bytes 777975 (777.9 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
(2)查看端口状态：netstat
netstat -a：查看所有处于活动状态的端口信息。
# 将使用"netstat -a"获得接口信息写入"info.txt"文件
fu@fu-virtual-machine:~$ netstat -a > info.txt
# 查看"info.txt"文件的前三行
fu@fu-virtual-machine:~$ head -n 3 info.txt
激活Internet连接 (服务器和已建立连接的)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 localhost:domain 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN