id generation class IdWorker

Get the id through the idWorker.nextId() method, which is used to generate the id in the service and store it in the database when adding data

package util;

import java.lang.management.ManagementFactory;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.NetworkInterface;

/**
 * <p>名称：IdWorker.java</p>
 * <p>描述：分布式自增长ID</p>
 * <pre>
 *     Twitter的 Snowflake　JAVA实现方案
 * </pre>
 * 核心代码为其IdWorker这个类实现，其原理结构如下，我分别用一个0表示一位，用—分割开部分的作用：
 * 1||0---0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0 --- 00000 ---00000 ---000000000000
 * 在上面的字符串中，第一位为未使用（实际上也可作为long的符号位），接下来的41位为毫秒级时间，
 * 然后5位datacenter标识位，5位机器ID（并不算标识符，实际是为线程标识），
 * 然后12位该毫秒内的当前毫秒内的计数，加起来刚好64位，为一个Long型。
 * 这样的好处是，整体上按照时间自增排序，并且整个分布式系统内不会产生ID碰撞（由datacenter和机器ID作区分），
 * 并且效率较高，经测试，snowflake每秒能够产生26万ID左右，完全满足需要。
 * <p>
 * 64位ID (42(毫秒)+5(机器ID)+5(业务编码)+12(重复累加))
 *
 * @author Polim
 */
public class IdWorker {
    
    
    // 时间起始标记点，作为基准，一般取系统的最近时间（一旦确定不能变动）
    private final static long twepoch = 1288834974657L;
    // 机器标识位数
    private final static long workerIdBits = 5L;
    // 数据中心标识位数
    private final static long datacenterIdBits = 5L;
    // 机器ID最大值
    private final static long maxWorkerId = -1L ^ (-1L << workerIdBits);
    // 数据中心ID最大值
    private final static long maxDatacenterId = -1L ^ (-1L << datacenterIdBits);
    // 毫秒内自增位
    private final static long sequenceBits = 12L;
    // 机器ID偏左移12位
    private final static long workerIdShift = sequenceBits;
    // 数据中心ID左移17位
    private final static long datacenterIdShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits;
    // 时间毫秒左移22位
    private final static long timestampLeftShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits + datacenterIdBits;

    private final static long sequenceMask = -1L ^ (-1L << sequenceBits);
    /* 上次生产id时间戳 */
    private static long lastTimestamp = -1L;
    // 0，并发控制
    private long sequence = 0L;

    private final long workerId;
    // 数据标识id部分
    private final long datacenterId;

    public IdWorker(){
    
    
        this.datacenterId = getDatacenterId(maxDatacenterId);
        this.workerId = getMaxWorkerId(datacenterId, maxWorkerId);
    }
    /**
     * @param workerId
     *            工作机器ID
     * @param datacenterId
     *            序列号
     */
    public IdWorker(long workerId, long datacenterId) {
    
    
        if (workerId > maxWorkerId || workerId < 0) {
    
    
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("worker Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxWorkerId));
        }
        if (datacenterId > maxDatacenterId || datacenterId < 0) {
    
    
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("datacenter Id can't be greater than %d or less than 0", maxDatacenterId));
        }
        this.workerId = workerId;
        this.datacenterId = datacenterId;
    }
    /**
     * 获取下一个ID
     *
     * @return
     */
    public synchronized long nextId() {
    
    
        long timestamp = timeGen();
        if (timestamp < lastTimestamp) {
    
    
            throw new RuntimeException(String.format("Clock moved backwards.  Refusing to generate id for %d milliseconds", lastTimestamp - timestamp));
        }

        if (lastTimestamp == timestamp) {
    
    
            // 当前毫秒内，则+1
            sequence = (sequence + 1) & sequenceMask;
            if (sequence == 0) {
    
    
                // 当前毫秒内计数满了，则等待下一秒
                timestamp = tilNextMillis(lastTimestamp);
            }
        } else {
    
    
            sequence = 0L;
        }
        lastTimestamp = timestamp;
        // ID偏移组合生成最终的ID，并返回ID
        long nextId = ((timestamp - twepoch) << timestampLeftShift)
                | (datacenterId << datacenterIdShift)
                | (workerId << workerIdShift) | sequence;

        return nextId;
    }

    private long tilNextMillis(final long lastTimestamp) {
    
    
        long timestamp = this.timeGen();
        while (timestamp <= lastTimestamp) {
    
    
            timestamp = this.timeGen();
        }
        return timestamp;
    }

    private long timeGen() {
    
    
        return System.currentTimeMillis();
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * 获取 maxWorkerId
     * </p>
     */
    protected static long getMaxWorkerId(long datacenterId, long maxWorkerId) {
    
    
        StringBuffer mpid = new StringBuffer();
        mpid.append(datacenterId);
        String name = ManagementFactory.getRuntimeMXBean().getName();
        if (!name.isEmpty()) {
    
    
         /*
          * GET jvmPid
          */
            mpid.append(name.split("@")[0]);
        }
      /*
       * MAC + PID 的 hashcode 获取16个低位
       */
        return (mpid.toString().hashCode() & 0xffff) % (maxWorkerId + 1);
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * 数据标识id部分
     * </p>
     */
    protected static long getDatacenterId(long maxDatacenterId) {
    
    
        long id = 0L;
        try {
    
    
            InetAddress ip = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
            NetworkInterface network = NetworkInterface.getByInetAddress(ip);
            if (network == null) {
    
    
                id = 1L;
            } else {
    
    
                byte[] mac = network.getHardwareAddress();
                id = ((0x000000FF & (long) mac[mac.length - 1])
                        | (0x0000FF00 & (((long) mac[mac.length - 2]) << 8))) >> 6;
                id = id % (maxDatacenterId + 1);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
    
    
            System.out.println(" getDatacenterId: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        return id;
    }


}