CPU (Central Processing Unit, central processing unit) has developed three branches, one is DSP (Digital Signal Processing/Processor, digital signal processing), the other two are MCU (Micro Control Unit, microcontroller unit) and MPU ( Micro Processor Unit, microprocessor unit).
MCU integrates on-chip peripheral devices; MPU does not have peripheral devices (such as memory arrays), it is a highly integrated processor with a general structure, and is an MCU without integrated peripherals; DSP has strong computing capabilities and is good at many repeated data operations. MCU is suitable for the processing, diagnosis and calculation of various data from different information sources. It focuses on control and is not as fast as DSP. The biggest feature that distinguishes MCU from DSP is its versatility, which is reflected in the instruction set and addressing mode. The combination of DSP and MCU is DSC, which will eventually replace these two chips.
difference
| project | MCU | MPU |
|---|---|---|
| Operation bit number | Mainstream 8～32bit, 64bit are also available | Minimum 32bit, mainstream 64bit |
| working frequency | Several megahertz to hundreds of megahertz | The mainstream is from a few hundred megahertz to a few gigahertz |
| Architecture | Pipeline systems or random logic systems are mainstream (but some are super scalar) | Super scalar method is mainstream |
| Memory management | There can be some external memory, but the main memory is built-in, some built-in cache and MMC unit | External memory is the mainstream, some built-in cache and MMC unit |
| Order collection | Basic arithmetic operations, only logic operations, high-end version also supports DSP and floating point operations | In addition to basic arithmetic operations and logic operations, it also includes DSP instructions and floating minority instructions |
| price | low | high |
| example | ARM Cortex-M, (developed for small area/low power controller applications) | ARM Cortex-A, (developed based on the concept of a processor for high-performance applications) |
refers:
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_18191333/article/details/107404008
https://baike.baidu.com/item/MCU/62773