1. Import third-party libraries
requests库、re、html、xlwt
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup #解析网页
import re #正则表达式，进行文字匹配
import urllib.request,urllib.error #制定url，获取网页数据
import xlwt #进行excel操作
import sqlite3 #进行SQLite数据库操作
2. Apply to visit the website
def askURL(url):
head = {
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.116 Safari/537.36"
} #伪装成网页的形式，请求网页信息
request = urllib.request.Request(url,headers=head)
html = ""
try:
response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
html = response.read().decode("utf-8")
#print(html)
except urllib.error.URLError as e:
if hasattr(e,"code"):
print(e.code)
if hasattr(e,"reason"):
print(e.reason)
return html
url: The URL you want to crawl
How to obtain User-Agent:
3. Get data (regular expression)
#电影链接
findLink = re.compile(r'<a href="(.*?)">')
#封面图片
findImgSrc = re.compile(r'<img.*src="(.*?)".*>',re.S)
#电影名称
findTitle = re.compile(r'<span class="title">(.*)</span>')
#评分
findRating = re.compile(r'<span class="rating_num" property="v:average">(.*)</span>')
#评价人数
findJudge = re.compile(r'<span>(\d*)人评价</span>')
#概况
findInq = re.compile(r'<span class="inq">(.*)</span>')
#电影详细内容
findBd = re.compile(r'<p class="">(.*?)</p>',re.S)
By viewing the source code of the webpage, find out the "format" of the data to be obtained, and use regular expressions to obtain the data
(.*?) is the data to be obtained, and it cannot be obtained without parentheses.
4. Create an excel sheet
book = xlwt.Workbook(encoding="utf-8",style_compression=0)
sheet = book.add_sheet('豆瓣电影Top250',cell_overwrite_ok=True)
book.save('豆瓣电影Top250.xls')
After the creation is complete, import the data into the excel sheet
[Complete code]
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup #解析网页
import re #正则表达式，进行文字匹配
import urllib.request,urllib.error #制定url，获取网页数据
import xlwt #进行excel操作
import sqlite3 #进行SQLite数据库操作
def main():
baseurl = "https://movie.douban.com/top250?start="
#爬取网页
datalist = getData(baseurl)
#保存数据
savepath = "豆瓣电影Top250.xls"
saveData(datalist,savepath)
#电影链接
findLink = re.compile(r'<a href="(.*?)">')
#封面图片
findImgSrc = re.compile(r'<img.*src="(.*?)".*>',re.S)
#电影名称
findTitle = re.compile(r'<span class="title">(.*)</span>')
#评分
findRating = re.compile(r'<span class="rating_num" property="v:average">(.*)</span>')
#评价人数
findJudge = re.compile(r'<span>(\d*)人评价</span>')
#概况
findInq = re.compile(r'<span class="inq">(.*)</span>')
#电影详细内容
findBd = re.compile(r'<p class="">(.*?)</p>',re.S)
#爬取网页
def getData(baseurl):
datalist = []
for i in range(0,10):
url = baseurl + str(i*25)
html = askURL(url)
#逐一解析数据
soup = BeautifulSoup(html,"html.parser")
for item in soup.find_all('div',class_="item"):
#print(item)
data = []
item = str(item)
Link = re.findall(findLink,item)[0]
data.append(Link)
ImgSrc = re.findall(findImgSrc,item)[0]
data.append(ImgSrc)
Title = re.findall(findTitle,item)
if len(Title)==2:
ctitle = Title[0]
data.append(ctitle)
otitle = Title[1].replace("/","")
data.append(otitle)
else:
data.append(Title[0])
data.append(' ')
Rating = re.findall(findRating,item)[0]
data.append(Rating)
Judge = re.findall(findJudge,item)[0]
data.append(Judge)
Inq = re.findall(findInq,item)
if len(Inq) !=0:
Inq = Inq[0].replace("。","")
data.append(Inq)
else:
data.append(" ")
Bd = re.findall(findBd,item)[0]
Bd = re.sub('<br(\s+)?/>(\s+)?'," ",Bd)
data.append(Bd.strip())
datalist.append(data) #把处理好的一个电影信息存储到datalist中
#解析网页
return datalist
#获取指定一个网页内容
def askURL(url):
head = {
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.116 Safari/537.36"
} #伪装成网页的形式，请求网页信息
request = urllib.request.Request(url,headers=head)
html = ""
try:
response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
html = response.read().decode("utf-8")
#print(html)
except urllib.error.URLError as e:
if hasattr(e,"code"):
print(e.code)
if hasattr(e,"reason"):
print(e.reason)
return html
#保存数据
def saveData(datalist,savepath):
print("save....")
book = xlwt.Workbook(encoding="utf-8",style_compression=0)
sheet = book.add_sheet('豆瓣电影Top250',cell_overwrite_ok=True)
col = ("电影详情链接","封面链接","影片中文名","影片外国名","评分","评价数","概况","相关信息","")
for i in range(0,8):
sheet.write(0,i,col[i])
for i in range(0,250):
print("第%d条"%(i+1))
data = datalist[i]
for j in range(0,8):
sheet.write(i+1,j,data[j])
book.save('豆瓣电影Top250.xls')
main()
print("爬取完毕")
【operation result】
