Introduction to Python data analysis (5): Pandas alignment operations

It is an important process of data cleaning. It can be calculated according to index alignment. If the position is not aligned, NaN can be filled, and NaN can also be filled at the end

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Series alignment operation

1. Series aligned by row and index

Sample code:

s1 = pd.Series(range(10, 20), index = range(10))
s2 = pd.Series(range(20, 25), index = range(5))

print('s1: ' )
print(s1)

print('') 

print('s2: ')
print(s2)

operation result:

s1: 
0    10
1    11
2    12
3    13
4    14
5    15
6    16
7    17
8    18
9    19
dtype: int64

s2: 
0    20
1    21
2    22
3    23
4    24
dtype: int64

2. Series alignment operation

Sample code:

# Series 对齐运算
s1 + s2

operation result:

0    30.0
1    32.0
2    34.0
3    36.0
4    38.0
5     NaN
6     NaN
7     NaN
8     NaN
9     NaN
dtype: float64

DataFrame alignment operation

1. DataFrame aligned by row and column index

Sample code:

df1 = pd.DataFrame(np.ones((2,2)), columns = ['a', 'b'])
df2 = pd.DataFrame(np.ones((3,3)), columns = ['a', 'b', 'c'])

print('df1: ')
print(df1)

print('') 
print('df2: ')
print(df2)

operation result:

df1: 
     a    b
0  1.0  1.0
1  1.0  1.0

df2: 
     a    b    c
0  1.0  1.0  1.0
1  1.0  1.0  1.0
2  1.0  1.0  1.0

2. DataFrame alignment operation

Sample code:

# DataFrame对齐操作
df1 + df2

operation result:

     a    b   c
0  2.0  2.0 NaN
1  2.0  2.0 NaN
2  NaN  NaN NaN

Fill unaligned data to perform operations

1. fill_value

When using add, sub, div, and mul, specify the fill value through fill_value, and the unaligned data will be calculated with the fill value

Sample code:

print(s1)
print(s2)
s1.add(s2, fill_value = -1)

print(df1)
print(df2)
df1.sub(df2, fill_value = 2.)

operation result:

# print(s1)
0    10
1    11
2    12
3    13
4    14
5    15
6    16
7    17
8    18
9    19
dtype: int64

# print(s2)
0    20
1    21
2    22
3    23
4    24
dtype: int64

# s1.add(s2, fill_value = -1)
0    30.0
1    32.0
2    34.0
3    36.0
4    38.0
5    14.0
6    15.0
7    16.0
8    17.0
9    18.0
dtype: float64


# print(df1)
     a    b
0  1.0  1.0
1  1.0  1.0

# print(df2)
     a    b    c
0  1.0  1.0  1.0
1  1.0  1.0  1.0
2  1.0  1.0  1.0


# df1.sub(df2, fill_value = 2.)
     a    b    c
0  0.0  0.0  1.0
1  0.0  0.0  1.0
2  1.0  1.0  1.0

Arithmetic method table: