1
Which observation is true of the agile approach to software development
? (P51)
A. An Agile Approach sets scope Goals, But Leaves Time Goals flexible and cost.
Agile set the time and cost targets, but does not set a target range
b. In the agile method, requirements and solutions evolve through collaboration.
In the agile approach, requirements and solutions are solved through cooperation c. In the agile approach, requirements must be clearly expressed early in the life cycle.
Agile approach can be used in any environment where the requirements are unknown or change rapidly
d. Agile is a predictive model of software development.
agile software development is not a predictive model, but based on iterative and incremental
2
an in which systems development Life Cycle model developers do a model to use the Generate Functional requirements and PHYSICAL Design Specifications Simultaneously?
which system development In the life cycle model, developers use a model to simultaneously generate functional requirements and physical design specifications (P44)
a. RAD life cycle
b. Waterfall life cycle
c. Spiral life cycle
d. Prototyping life cycle
3
In what type of organizational structure do project managers have the most authority? In what type of organizational structure do project managers have the most authority
? (P36 Table 2-1)
a. Circular
b. Project
(Project type)
c. Matrix
d. Functional
minimum
4
Which perspective of an organization focuses on different groups' roles and responsibilities in order to meet the goals and policies set by top management? The
structural framework focuses on the roles and responsibilities of different groups , To meet the goals and policies set by top management
a. Human resources frame
b. Structural frame
c. history Political Frame
d. Symbolic Frame
5
an In Which Product Life Cycle at The scope, Schedule, and cost are Determined Early, and Changes to scope are Carefully Managed?
in which the product lifecycle, scope, schedule and costs are determined in advance , And carefully manage changes in scope (P44)
a. Iterative
b. Incremental
c. Predictive
Predictable life cycle
d. Adaptive
6
Which of at The following IS to true of at The Project Life Cycle?
A. It IS much More expensive to the make Major Changes to A Project During at The Earlier Phases Within last at The Latter Phases.
The project significant in the early stages The cost of the change is much lower ( higher ) than in the later stages .
b. More resources are usually needed during the initial phases of a project than during the middle or final phases.
project mid than project final or initial ( initial ratio interim or final ) stage requires more resources
c. In the early phases of a project life cycle, resource needs are usually lowest.
Early projects usually require a minimum of resources
d. In the later phases of the project life cycle, the level of uncertainty is usually the highest.
In the early stage of the project ( late degree of uncertainty) project a maximum
. 7
of Organizational Culture Which Characteristic refers to the degree to which departments within an organization are encouraged to coordinate with each other?
Unit integration refers to the degree to which unit or departmental project cooperation is encouraged in the organization (P37)
a. Member identity
b. People focus
c. Unit integration
d. Group emphasis
8
In Rizzati Corp, vice presidents in departments such as engineering, manufacturing, IT, and human resources report directly to the chief executive officer and undertake their tasks independently of each other. The staffs of these departments have specialized skills in their respective disciplines. Which type of organizational structure does Rizatti Corp have?
At Rizzati, the vice presidents of engineering, manufacturing, IT, and human resources departments report directly to the CEO and assume their respective tasks independently. Employees in these departments have their own professional skills. What kind of organizational structure does Rizzati have
a. Symbolic
b. Functional
Functional type
c. Project
d. The Matrix
9
Which IS A. Disadvantage for Virtual Teams is compared to Traditional Teams is?
Which of the following is a drawback compared to traditional virtual teams Team (P49)
A. Limited's Team Working hours Flexibility in
the team and more flexible working hours Not limited
b. Increased costs for office space and support
Many virtual teams work from home and don’t need office space and support
c. Reduced opportunities for informal transfer of information
Reduced the ability of team members to communicate and convey information informally d. Reduced dependence on technology and processes for accomplishing work
Increase ( reduce ) the dependence on technology and processes for accomplishing work
10
Which term refers to a product or service , such as a technical report, a training session, a piece of hardware, or a segment of software code, produced or provided as part of a project?
deliverable is a product or service, such as technical reports, training courses, hardware Modules or software code fragments, which are produced or provided as part of the project (P41)
a. Resource
b. Deliverable
c. System
d. Input
11
Select an example of external stakeholders for an organization.
Select an organization's external stakeholders for an organization (P38)
a. Competitors
Competitors
b. Employees (internal)
c. Functional Managers (internal)
d. Top Managers (internal)
12
an In Which the DEFINE Development Life Cycle and the Approve at The Stakeholders do the Detailed scope the before at The Start ON AN the Iteration?
In adaptive software development life cycle , The stakeholders define and approve the detailed scope before the start of the iteration (the corresponding sentence was not found)
a. Iterative
b. Incremental
c. Hybrid
d. Adaptive
13
Which Characteristic of Organizational Culture at The Degree to Which the Refers to the Employees at The Organization with the Identify AS A Whole, The Rather Within last with Their types of the Job or Profession?
Identity of members means employees will organize Shi Wei as a whole rather than just the type of work or Degree of job recognition. (P37)
a. Unit integration
b. Group emphasis
c. People focus
d. Member identity
14
Which systems development life cycle model assumes that requirements will remain stable after they are defined?
Waterfall system development life cycle model assumes that requirements will remain stable after they are defined (P44)
a. Prototyping life cycle
b. Waterfall life cycle
c. Spiral life cycle
d. RAD life cycle
15
In organizational culture, what does control refer to?
In organizational culture, control refers to the extent to which rules, policies and direct supervision are used to monitor and control employee behavior (P37)
a . The degree to which management focuses on outcomes rather than on techniques and processes used to achieve results
b. The degree to which the organization monitors and responds to changes in the external environment
c. The degree to which employees are encouraged to be aggressive, innovative , and risk seeking
d. The degree to which rules, policies, and direct supervision are used to oversee employee behavior
16
the In A _____organizational Structure, Program Managers, Rather Within last Functional Managers or Vice Presidents, Report to The the CEO. Their Staffs have have A Variety of Skills needed to Complete All required Tasks WITHIN Their Programs.
In the project organization, the project manager, rather than The functional manager or vice president reports to the CEO. Their employees have a variety of skills and need to complete all required tasks in their programs. (P35)
a. functional
b. project
c. symbolic
d. matrix
17
In organizational culture, what does people focus refer to?
In organizational culture, personnel concentration refers to the degree to which management decision-making considers the effects of employee output in the organization (P37)
a. The degree to which management’s decisions take into account the effect of outcomes on employees within the organization
b. The degree to which employees are encouraged to be aggressive, innovative, and risk seeking (anti-risk ability)
c. The degree to which the organization monitors and responds to changes in the external environment (open system concentration)
d. The degree to which rules, policies, and direct supervision are used to oversee and control employee behavior (control)
18
The _____ model uses an approach in which developers work with an evolving prototype, using tools such as computer-aided software engineering, joint requirements planning , and joint application design to facilitate rapid prototyping and code generation. In
the method used in rapid application development RAD life cycle models, developers use an evolved prototype, using tools such as computer-aided software engineering, joint requirements planning, and joint application design To promote rapid prototyping and code generation. (P44)
a. RAD life cycle
b. Waterfall Life Cycle
c. Spiral Life Cycle
d. Prototyping Life Cycle
19
at The _____ Frame of AN Organization focuses ON PROVIDING Harmony the BETWEEN at The Needs of at The Organization and at The Needs of people.
HR framework organization's focus on providing organizational needs and Coordination between human needs. (P34)
a. symbolic
b. structural
c. political
d. human resources
20
Which characteristic is true of virtual teams? Which characteristic is true of virtual teams
? (P50)
A. It IS Easier for A Virtual Team to Build Relationships and Trust.
Virtual team members can not be enough to use body language and other means of communication to understand each other, build relationships and trust
b. Negative incentives do not impact virtual team members.
Negative Incentives have an impact on virtual team employees
c. It is important to select team members carefully.
Careful selection of team members is very important
d. As they never meet, virtual teams do not have conflicts. ( Not a problem more likely)
21
an In Organizational Culture, the What does means-End Orientation REFER to?
In tissue culture, refers to the goal-oriented What is it?
a. The degree to which management focuses on outcomes rather than on techniques and processes used to achieve results
Goal orientation refers to the degree to which management focuses on the output rather than the technology and process required to accomplish these results.
b. The degree to which the organization monitors and responds to changes in the external environment
c. The degree to which rules, policies, and direct supervision are used to oversee and control employee behavior
d. The degree to which employees are encouraged to be aggressive , Innovative, and Risk Regularly Seeking
22
Which Perspective by ON organizations organizations are coalitions assumes that the Composed of the individuals and Varied Interest groups?
political framework assumes that organizations are jointly surrounded by different individuals and Li Yi Group (P34)
a. Structural frame
b. Political frame
c. Symbolic frame
d. Human resources frame
23
Which of the following best describes a kill point in the project life cycle?
以下哪个选项最好地描述了项目生命周期中的检查点？（P45）
a. The period of time given to managers during the feasibility phases to decide on the cost, quality, and time constraints for the project
b. The point of time in the project lifecycle after which it is impossible to terminate a running project
c. The final submission of the project deliverables after which the project is terminated
d. A review of the status of a project at each phase of development to determine if it should be continued, redirected, or terminated
A review of the status of the project at every stage of development, to decide whether to continue or terminate the project changed direction
24-
an In the What of the type of Organizational Structure Project Managers do have have at The AMOUNT of Least Authority?
In the functional-type project manager in the organization The least authority (P36 Table 2-1)
a. Circular
b. Functional
C. the Matrix
D. the Project
25
the In A _____ Organizational Structure, Personnel Report Often field to both A and One or More Functional Project Manager Managers.
in tissue matrix structure , the person is often a function of the manager and project manager one or more reports. (P35)
a. functional
b. matrix
c. symbolic
d. project
26
Which problem-solving approach requires defining the scope of a system, dividing it into its components, and then identifying and evaluating its problems, opportunities, constraints, and needs?
（P32）
a. Linear programming
b. Systems analysis
c. Independent component analysis
d. Principal component analysis
27
Grey’s Infotech sells customized hardware and software solutions for businesses. The salespeople for Grey’s have a strict dress code when meeting clients. They are required to wear dark business suits, in order to convey the company’s dedication to quality. The meaning conveyed to the clients’ through the salespeople’s clothing is part of the _____ frame of the organization.
a. structural
b. human resources
c. political
d. symbolic
28
Which statement best describes outsourcing?
a. An organization’s acquisition of goods and services from an outside source
b. An organization selling its products in a market outside its domestic market
c. An organization setting up manufacturing and retailing facilities in a new country
d. An organization’s use of virtual teams with employees located in different countries
29
Which approach to product development is currently used by many organizations so a predictive set of steps is used as an overall means to coordinate more detailed steps that are adaptively managed?
a. Hybrid
b. Incremental
c. Adaptive
d. Predictive
30
Which of the following is true of a matrix organizational structure?（P36）
a. In a strong matrix organizational structure, the project manager controls the project budget and has moderate to high authority.
b. In a matrix organizational structure, employees are organized into departments according to their skills, and there is little interaction between employees from different departments.
c. Project managers in matrix organizations have staff from only a single functional area working on their projects.
d. A matrix organizational structure is hierarchical, but instead of functional managers reporting to the CEO, program managers report to the CEO.
31
The symbolic perspective of an organization:
a. focuses on the meanings of the culture, language, traditions, and image of the organization.
b. views the organization as coalitions composed of varied individuals and interest groups.（政治框架）
c. focuses on different groups’ roles and responsibilities to meet the goals and policies set by top management.（结构框架）
d. focuses on providing harmony between the needs of the organization and the needs of people.（人力资源框架）
32
Which characteristic of organizational culture refers to the degree to which the organization monitors and responds to changes in the external environment?
a. Conflict tolerance
b. Means-ends orientation
c. Open-systems focus
d. Risk tolerance
33
Projects must operate in a broad organizational environment, and project managers need to consider projects within the greater organizational context. Which approach describes the holistic view（整体观点） of carrying out projects within the context of the organization?（P32）
a. The silo approach
b. Linear analysis
c. Reductionism
d. Systems thinking
34
___ refers to a set of shared assumptions, values, and behaviors that characterize the functioning of an organization.
a. Organizational structure
b. Line of control
c. Chain of command
d. Organizational culture
35
Which characteristic of organizational culture describes the degree to which management’s decisions take into account the effect of outcomes on people within the organization?
a. Unit integration
b. Member identity
c. Group emphasis
d. People focus
Topic source: Northeastern University BB platform