Northeast Forestry University Press
Editor-in-Chief: Li Bing, Zhang Qiaozhen, Liu Yu'e
Chief Judge: Liu Huiling
Table of contents
1. Multiple choice questions
(1) One of the main advantages of matrix organization is (A).
A. Strengthen the project manager's control over resources
B. Project teams can have multiple bosses
C. Communication is more convenient
D. Reporting is easier
(2) In which organizational structure, project members feel insecure? (C)
A. Functional
B. Matrix type
C. Project type
D. Weak matrix type
(3) The project manager is in a high-tech company and is now choosing a suitable organizational structure for a new project. This project involves many fields and characteristics. Which organizational structure should he choose? (A)
A. Matrix type
B. Project type
C. Functional
D. Organizational type
(4) Responsibility assignment matrix is (A).
A. A tool for human resource planning
B. An organizational structure
C. Similar to WBS
D. Methods for estimating costs
(5) The human resources distribution map is (B).
A. Demonstrate the current quality of human resources
B. Show the distribution of human resources in each stage of the project
C. Explain the division of labor
D. Describe all resources needed for the project
(6) Personnel management plan described in (D).
A. How to get project members
B. How to resolve conflicts
C. Project manager's team building summary
D. When and how project team members join and leave the team
(7) Of the three organizational structures in project management, which one is the most complicated to communicate? (A)
A. Matrix type
B. Project type
C. Functional
D. are the same
(8) Among the three organizational structures in project management, which one will cause more pressure on team members and project managers at the end of the project? (B)
A. Matrix type
B. Project type
C. Functional
D. are the same
(9) Among the three organizational structures in project management, which organizational structure is currently the most common project organizational form, which is a standard pyramidal organizational form? (C)
A. Matrix type
B. Project type
C. Functional
D. are the same
(10) Among the three organizational structures in project management, which organizational structure is suitable for projects that are mainly completed by one department or projects with relatively mature technologies? (C)
A. Matrix type
B. Project type
C. Functional
D. are the same
(11) The time spent by the project manager on communication is (B).
A.20%~40%
B.75%~90%
C.60%
D.30%~60%
(12) Extensive use of (B) communication is most likely to assist in solving complex problems.
A. verbally
b. written
C. Formally
D. Information management system
(13) For more important notifications in the project, it is best to use (C) communication method
A. verbally
B. Network method
c. written
D. phone
(14) The project team originally had 6 members, and now 6 more members have been added, so how much has the communication channel increased (A).
A.51
B.6 times
C.2 times
D.6
(15) During the progress of the project, the boss suddenly issued an urgent notice to the project manager, asking the project manager to tell the team members. At this time, the project manager should adopt (A) communication method.
A. verbally
b. written
C. Formally
D. search
(16) Which of the following descriptions of the communication plan is wrong? (D)
A. Identify communication needs
B. Determine what to communicate
C. Determine the communication method
D. is not necessary for project management
(17) Lack of communication and unresolved disputes imply (C).
A. Complex projects
B. Failed schedule
C. Ineffective project team
D. The responsibilities of the project team are not clearly defined
(18) The basis for communication planning is (A).
A. Communication needs analysis
B. Project Scope Statement
C. Project Management Plan
D. Historical data
(19) In order to prevent conflicts, the project manager should (ABCD).
A. Make sure project members understand the project plan
B. Make project goals clear to project stakeholders
C. Improve the self-confidence of project members
D. Create a good communication environment
(20) In addition to prevention, the most common solution for project establishment is (A).
A. face up to
b. to ease
C. to avoid
D. competition
2. Fill in the blanks
(1) The organizational structure in project management can be summarized into three main types: functional, (project), and matrix.
(2) In the responsibility assignment matrix, the horizontal is the work unit, and the vertical is the organization member or department name. The vertical and horizontal intersections indicate the (responsibilities) of project organization members or departments in a certain work unit.
(3) (Human resources) is the most important resource of an enterprise.
(4) Human resources in projects generally exist in the form of (team).
(5) In order to create an organizational chart, the project manager first identifies the project needs (types of personnel).
(6)OBS is the abbreviation of (Organizational Breakdown Structure). (You can fill in Chinese or English here)
3. True or False
(1) Organizational Breakdown Structure (OBS) is a special WBS. (×)
(2) Responsibility assignment matrix is an effective tool to clarify their roles and responsibilities. (√)
(3) The project manager has the greatest power in the functional organizational structure. (×)
(4) In order to create an organizational chart, the project manager first identifies the types of personnel needed for the project. (√)
4. Explanation of terms
(1) Human resource management.
Human resource management refers to the activities that an enterprise acquires, cultivates, allocates and uses the human resources of the organization, so that human resources can be combined with other elements in the organization to form productivity and achieve the expected efficiency and effect.
(2) Project-based organizational structure.
The departments in the project-based organizational structure are set up completely according to the project, which is a single-objective vertical organization.
In a project organizational structure, the project manager has sufficient authority to control the project's resources. Project members report to a single leader. This organizational structure is suitable for pioneering projects with relatively high risks or projects with strict requirements on progress, cost, quality and other indicators, and is not suitable for enterprises lacking talents or small-scale.
(3) Functional organizational structure.
It organizes the division of labor according to functions, that is, from the top to the grassroots level of the enterprise, the management business and its personnel who undertake the same functions are combined together, and corresponding management departments and management positions are set up. Functional organizational structure is a conventional linear organizational structure.
(4) Matrix organizational structure.
The matrix organizational structure is a mixture of functional organizational structure and project organizational structure, which has both the characteristics of functional organization and the characteristics of project organizational structure.
5. Short answer questions
(1) What do you think are the main advantages of the matrix organizational structure in project management?
① A full-time project manager is in charge of the entire project, centered on the project.
②Multiple projects of the company can share the resources of each functional department.
③ It is not only conducive to the realization of project goals, but also conducive to the implementation of company goals and policies.
④Reduce the concerns of project members.
(2) What do you think are the main disadvantages of the matrix organizational structure in project management?
① It is easy to cause power conflicts between functional managers and project managers.
② Resource sharing can also cause conflicts between projects.
(3) What do you think are the main advantages of a functional organizational structure in project management?
① It can give full play to the resource concentration advantages of functional departments.
②Department experts can be used by different projects within the department at the same time.
③ It is convenient for mutual communication and mutual support.
④ Additional personnel can be dispatched at any time.
⑤ Can integrate the project and the functional work of the department.
(4) What do you see as the main disadvantages of the functional organizational structure in project management?
①When the interests of the project and the department conflict, the functional department pays more attention to the goals of the department and ignores the goals of the project.
② There will be problems with the balance of resources.
③Separation of rights is not conducive to the communication and unity and cooperation of various functional departments.
④Administrative affiliation makes the project manager not have sufficient power.
(5) What is the matrix organizational structure in project management?
As shown in Figure 8-2 to Figure 8-4, a matrix organization has the characteristics of both a functional organization and a project organization. According to the relative degree of power and influence between functional managers and project managers, matrix organizations can be divided into weak matrix, balanced matrix and strong matrix. The weak matrix organization retains most of the characteristics of the functional organization, and its project manager's role is more like a coordinator or liaison officer. Project liaisons act as staff assistants and communications coordinators and cannot make or implement decisions themselves. The project coordinator has the power to make some decisions, has certain authority, and reports to a higher-level manager. The strong matrix organization has many characteristics of the project organization, and has full-time project managers and full-time project administrators who have greater authority. While a balanced matrix organization recognizes the need for a full-time project manager, it does not empower it to manage projects and project funding.
(6) What is the functional organizational structure in project management?
As shown in Figure 8-1, a typical functional organization is a hierarchical structure, and each employee has a clear superior. Personnel are grouped by specialty, for example, the top level can be divided into production, marketing, engineering, and accounting. Each profession can also be further divided into smaller functional departments, for example, the engineering profession is further divided into mechanical engineering and electrical engineering. In a functional organization, each department carries out its own project work independently of each other.
