NFS shared network+DHCP+HTTPD+FTPD comprehensive experimental experiment
- 1. NFS shared network experiment
- Two, concrete operation
-
- 1. Install the local yum source (because this virtual machine is just installed by PXE, there is no Yum source warehouse)
- 2. Install nfs and rpcbind services
- 3. Set up a shared directory
- 4. Start the NFS service program
- 5. Create relevant files and edit
- 6. Publish and view the shared directory published by this machine
- 7. Turn off the firewall
- Three, configure the client server1
1. NFS shared network experiment
1. NFS network sharing experiment
Install the NFS service on server2, provide the shared directory /share, create the file index.html in the /share directory, and customize the file content. Mount the /share directory of server2 to the /var/www/html directory of server1 through NFS, so that PC1 can display customized content when accessing the Web service
2. Background
1) Prepare 3 virtual machines, a Windows virtual machine PC1 (not limited to win7 or win10), a Linux server server1 (IP is 172.16.100.100/24) and an empty virtual machine server2. The virtual machine network uses host-only mode.
2) Server1 provides DHCP service to assign IP addresses of corresponding network segments to PC1 and server2.
3) Server1 provides PXE service, which enables server2 to automatically install Centos7 Linux operating system.
4) Install and start the httpd service on server1 to provide external Web services, and build a DNS service to resolve the address www.kgc.com, so that PC1 can use the domain name www.kgc.com to access the Web server.
5) Install the NFS service on server2, provide the shared directory /share, create the file index.html in the /share directory, and customize the file content. Mount the /share directory of server2 to the /var/www/html directory of server1 through NFS, so that PC1 can display customized content when accessing the Web service.
In the case where the first 4 conditions are all met, the NFS sharing experiment operation is carried out.
The IP address of the virtual machine is automatically obtained as 172.16.100.102
Two, concrete operation
1. Install the local yum source (because this virtual machine is just installed by PXE, there is no Yum source warehouse)
Related operation commands:
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/
mount: /dev/sr0 写保护，将以只读方式挂载
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mkdir repos.bak
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mv *.repo repos.bak
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vim local.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all && yum makecache
Specific operation screenshot
2. Install nfs and rpcbind services
Related operation commands:
yum -y install nfs-utils rpcbind
Specific steps
3. Set up a shared directory
Related operation commands:
mkdir -p /opt/share
chmod 777 /opt/share/
vim /etc/exports
/opt/share 192.168.163.0/24(rw,sync,no_root_squash)
客户机地址可以是主机名、IP 地址、网段地址，允许使用“*”、“?”通配符。
常用选项
“rw” 表示允许读写，“ro” 表示为只读；
sync ：表示同步写入到内存与硬盘中。
async ：将数据先保存在内存缓冲区中，必要时才写入磁盘。
no_root_squash ： 表示当客户机以root身份访问时赋予本地root权限（默认是root_squash）。
root_squash ：表示客户机用root用户访问该共享目录时，将root用户映射成匿名用户。
all_squash ：所有访问用户都映射为匿名用户或用户组。
subtree_check（默认）：若输出目录是一个子目录，则nfs服务器将检查其父目录的权限。
no_subtree_check ：即使输出目录是一个子目录，nfs服务器也不检查其父目录的权限，这样可以提高效率。
Specific steps:
4. Start the NFS service program
- When manually loading the NFS sharing service, you should start rpcbind first, and then start the nfs
related operation commands
systemctl start rpcbind
systemctl start nfs
systemctl enable rpcbind
systemctl enable nfs
netstat -anpt | grep 111 #查看rpcbind端口111是否开启， rpcbind默认使用tcp端口111
Specific steps:
5. Create relevant files and edit
Related operation commands:
cd /opt/share
touch indel.html
vim index.html
6. Publish and view the shared directory published by this machine
Related operation commands
exportfs -rv #发布共享
showmount -e #查看共享
Specific steps:
7. Turn off the firewall
Related operation commands
systemctl stop firewalld.service
setenforce 0
Specific steps:
Three, configure the client server1
The above is the relevant configuration of SERVER2, so the experiment needs to mount the /share directory of server2 to the /var/www/html directory of server1 through NFS, so that PC1 can display customized content when accessing the Web service. So here back to the server of 172.16.100.100 to configure.
1. Install the nfs-utils and rpcbind packages and turn off the firewall to view the shared directory
Configure on server1 (172.16.100.100)
Related operation commands:
rpm -q rpcbind nfs-utils
yum -y install nfs-utils rpcbind
systemctl start rpcbind
systemctl enable rpcbind
systemctl stop firewalld.service
setenforce 0
#查看 NFS 服务器端共享了哪些目录
showmount -e 172.16.100.102
Specific steps:
2. Mount the NFS shared directory
Related operation commands:
mount 172.16.100.102:/opt/share /var/www/html/
#把
Specific steps:
It is found here that the contents of the file have been synchronized.
3. Access through the previously configured win10 virtual machine to verify whether it is successful.
Enter win10 virtual machine
success