Profile of Academician Zhao Jizong
Zhao Jizong, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, neurosurgeon. He is currently the director of the National Neurological Diseases Clinical Medicine Research Center, and a professor and chief physician of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University. Has long been engaged in neurosurgery clinical and basic research work.
Brain science opens a new era of neurosurgery
Throughout the international neurosurgery department, it has been a hundred years since its independent establishment in 1919, and the establishment of neurosurgery in China was nearly 50 years later than in developed countries. Nevertheless, after three stages of classic neurosurgery, microneurosurgery, and minimally invasive neurosurgery, Chinese neurosurgery has not only demonstrated the vitality of rapid development, but also ranked among the world's advanced.
Professor Zhao Jizong, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, has made great achievements in the surgical diagnosis and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases and brain tumors. He has persistently carried out scientific research and clinical research to promote the development of neurosurgery in my country. Continuous development has made a huge contribution and is a landmark figure in this field.
In the 21st century, modern science and technology have developed rapidly. The field of neurosurgery is based on the field of neuroregulation based on neural network science and digital brain imaging technology, pushing neurosurgery to a new stage of neural networks surgery.
Neural network surgery not only provides a safer and more reliable method for refractory neurological diseases, but also opens a door to brain science research for neurosurgery.
3 dimensions to promote the development of neurosurgery
A century of neurosurgery development has experienced three stages: classic neurosurgery, micro-neurosurgery, and minimally invasive neurosurgery. The three dimensions of brain anatomy and cognitive discovery, medical imaging innovation, and medical devices are the continuous advancement of neurosurgery. The source of power.
Neural network surgery is the crystallization of 3 dimensions in the 21st century. Research on neuronavigation technology based on neural network, precise positioning of brain neural network and its key nodes in neuromodulation surgery, complete the treatment of neurological functional diseases, resulting in neural network surgery. The emergence of neural network surgery has pushed neurosurgery to a new stage of development.
Innovation and Development: Neural Network Surgery
Academician Zhao Jizong has been deeply involved in the field of neurosurgery for many years and has witnessed and experienced the development and changes of the discipline. He continues to promote the development of the discipline to this day. He said: “As a clinician, you should actively invest in clinical research in brain science and strive to explore unknown areas. Only by continuously learning more interdisciplinary knowledge and climbing the peak of medicine can you continue to promote clinical medicine to benefit mankind.”
Academician Zhao Jizong believes that paying attention to new developments and studying clinical research is the mission of doctors. In 2020, he clearly mentioned in the article "Looking to the Future: Neural Network Surgery" published in the "Science Herald" that in the 21st century, based on the field of neuroregulation based on neural network science and digital brain imaging technology, neurosurgery will be pushed to the nerves. The new stage of cyber surgery. Using CT, magnetic resonance imaging, and diffusion tensor imaging techniques that reflect brain anatomy to build a structural brain network based on brain functions, and EEG, magnetoencephalography, functional magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography that reflect brain functions In combination, showing the relationship between brain structure imaging and its functional network, a new scientific field of "neural network surgery" has been formed.
The neuromodulation technology that began in the 1960s with deep brain stimulation to treat intractable pain gave birth to neural network surgery. This technology uses implanted devices to electrically or chemically alter signal transmission in the nervous system, stimulate, inhibit or control the activity of neurons or neural networks and produce therapeutic effects. "Using the procedures or equipment that touch the cerebral cortex, cranial nerves or deep parts of the brain can treat various refractory neurological diseases, such as chronic pain, movement disorders, epilepsy and other diseases." Academician Zhao Jizong said. As a result, neuromodulation technology has further pushed neurosurgery to a new stage of development.
Neuromodulation technology breeds neural network surgery.
At present, minimally invasive neurosurgery uses network surgery, which uses functional neuroimaging and neuronavigation equipment, and uses brain functional magnetic resonance imaging to make surgical plans before surgery.
Various neuroelectrophysiological techniques, somatosensory evoked potentials, motor nerve evoked potentials, brainstem auditory evoked potentials, and hemodynamic monitoring techniques are used in the operation to monitor the brain functional areas at risk during the operation and guide the resection of brain lesions.
The brain-computer interface (BCI) is to establish a direct communication and control channel between the human brain and a computer or other electronic equipment. This channel can improve the communication between the paraplegic patients and the outside world or control the external Environmental capabilities. Implanting stimulating electrodes into the visual and auditory cortex of the blind person’s brain conveys visual and auditory perception, which is expected to improve the patient’s vision and hearing.
Invasive brain-computer interface systems require the implantation of chips and electrodes in the brain through surgery to assist patients in rehabilitation. The brain-computer interface opens up a new path for rehabilitation medicine.
Neurosurgery directly faces the brain of human patients. Brain network surgery makes it possible to operate safely in the deepest or most difficult part of the human brain. It also opens a window for the study of brain cognition and provides for the positioning and remodeling of the cognitive function of the human brain. Direct evidence.
In the 21st century, the fourth revolution of science and technology represented by life science and technology is rolling forward. Interdisciplinary, medical and scientific integration, and medical and industrial integration are the directions for revolutionary breakthroughs in life science and technology.
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specific parameters of BCIduino 8-channel EEG amplifier are as follows:
Input impedance: 1TΩ
Input bias current: 300pA
Input reference noise: 1μVpp
Sampling rate: 250 Hz/500Hz
Common mode rejection ratio: -110dB
adjustable Gain magnification: 1, 2, 4, 6
, 8, 12, 2 Resolution: 24-bit ADC, accuracy up to 0.1μV
Power consumption: 39mW in normal operation, as low as 10μW in standby,
powered by rechargeable lithium battery , To further reduce external interference.
Size: 50mm*50mm (physical measurement, with slight errors)
Figure 1 BCIduino physical image
Figure 2 BCIduino data waveform in an ordinary noisy environment, suspended state, you can observe no other interference occurs
Figure 3 OpenBCI in an ordinary noisy environment, The data waveform in the floating state (the measurement environment, measurement time, software filter setting parameters are the same as those in Figure 2BCIduino)
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This article is organized or written by the BCIduino brain-computer interface open source community. The BCIduino brain-computer interface community was initiated and established by masters and doctors from Beihang University, Cornell University, Peking University, Capital Medical University, etc. Welcome to join the community by scanning the code and remark "BCI", and also welcome to purchase BCIduino EEG module (some Search for treasure)