Source code compilation, installation and deployment of LAMP platform (Apache, MySQl and PHP build Discuz forum)
Article Directory
- Source code compilation, installation and deployment of LAMP platform (Apache, MySQl and PHP build Discuz forum)
-
- 1. LAMP related concepts
- Two, compile and install Apache httpd service
-
- 1. Turn off the firewall and mount the image
- 2. Configure the local yum source warehouse
- 3. Installation environment dependent packages
- 4. Drag the software packages required to install Apache to the /opt directory
- 5. Configure the software module
- 6. Compile and install
- 7. Optimize the configuration file path, and put the executable program file of the httpd service into the directory of the path environment variable for easy system identification
- 8. Add httpd system service
- 9. Modify httpd service configuration file
- 10. Browser access verification
- Three, compile and install Mysql service
-
- 1. Drag the relevant software package to the /opt directory
- 2. Installation environment dependent packages
- 3. Configure the software module
- 4. Compile and install
- 5. Create Mysql user
- 6. Modify the Mysql configuration file
- 7. Change the owner group of the mysql installation directory and configuration file
- 8. Set the path environment variable
- 9. Initialize the database
- 10. Add Mysql system service
- 11. Modify the mysql login password
- 12. Authorize remote login
- Four, compile and install the PHP parsing environment
-
- 1. Drag the PHP related installation package to the /opt directory in xhell
- 2. Install GD library and GD library related programs to process and generate pictures
- 3. Configure the software module
- 4. Compile and install
- 5. Copy the template file as the main configuration file of PHP and modify it
- 6. Optimize the PHP executable program file to be placed in the directory of the path environment variable for easy system identification
- 7. Modify the configuration file of the httpd service to allow Apache to support PHP
- 8. Verify the PHP test page
- 9. Use a browser to access on the virtual machine
- Five, install the forum
1. LAMP related concepts
1. Overview of LAMP platform
LAMP architecture is one of the current mature enterprise website application modes, which refers to a whole system and related software that work together, which can provide dynamic web site services and application development environment
LAMP is an acronym, specifically including Linux operating system, Apache web server, MySQL database server, PHP (or perl, Python) web programming language
2. Build the LAMP platform sequence
When building the LAMP platform, the order of installation of each component is Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP
There is no strict order requirement for the installation of Apache and MySQL, and the installation of the PHP environment is generally put at the end, responsible for communicating the web server and database system to work together.
3. Advantages of compiling and installing
1) With greater freedom, functions can be customized
2) The latest software version can be obtained in time
3) Universally applicable to most Linux versions, easy to use all the time
4. The main function of each component
(Platform) Linux: As the foundation of the LAMP architecture, it provides an operating system for supporting Web sites, which can provide better stability and compatibility with the other three components (AMP components also support Windows, UNIX and other platforms).
(Foreground) Apache: As the front end of the LAMP architecture, it is a powerful and stable web server program that directly provides users with website access, sending web pages, pictures and other file content.
(Back-end) MySQL: As the back-end of the LAMP architecture, it is a popular open source relational database system. In applications such as corporate websites and business systems, various account information, product information, customer information, business data, etc. can be stored in the MySQL database, and other programs can query and change this information through SQL statements.
(Intermediate connection) PHP/Perl/Python: As three programming languages for developing dynamic webpages, it is responsible for interpreting dynamic webpage files, communicating with web servers and database systems to work together, and providing a development and operating environment for web applications. Among them, PHP is a widely used open source multi-purpose scripting language, which can be embedded in HTML, and is especially suitable for Web application development.
Two, compile and install Apache httpd service
1. Turn off the firewall and mount the image
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
setenforce 0
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
2. Configure the local yum source warehouse
[root@localhost ~]#cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#mkdir repos.bak
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#ls
CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-Media.repo repos.bak
CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Sources.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#mv *.repo repos.bak/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#vim local.repo
[local]
name=local
baseurl=file:///mnt
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#yum clean all && yum makecache
3. Installation environment dependent packages
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make pcre pcre-devel expat-devel perl
yum -y install \
gcc \ C语言的编译器
gcc-c++ \ C++的编译器
make \ 源代码编译器（源代码转换成二进制文件）
pcre \ pcre是一个Perl函数库，包括perl 兼容的正则表达式库
pcre-devel \ perl的接口开发包
expat-devel \ 用于支持网站解析HTML、XML文件
perl perl语言编译器
4. Drag the software packages required to install Apache to the /opt directory
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]#rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
[root@localhost opt]#ls
apr-1.6.2.tar.gz apr-util-1.6.0.tar.gz httpd-2.4.29.tar.bz2 rh
Note: The apr component package is used to support cross-platform Apache upper-level applications and provide the underlying interface library, which can effectively reduce the number of concurrent connections, reduce processes and reduce access congestion.
5. Configure the software module
cd /opt/
[root@localhost opt]# tar zxvf apr-1.6.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost opt]# tar zxvf apr-util-1.6.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost opt]# tar jxvf httpd-2.4.29.tar.bz2
[root@localhost opt]# mv apr-1.6.2 /opt/httpd-2.4.29/srclib/apr
[root@localhost opt]# mv apr-util-1.6.0 /opt/httpd-2.4.29/srclib/apr-util
[root@localhost opt]# cd /opt/httpd-2.4.29/
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.29]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/httpd --enable-so --enable-rewrite --enable-charset-lite --enable-cgi
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/httpd \ 指定将 httpd 服务程序的安装路径
--enable-so \ 启用动态加载模块支持，使 httpd 具备进一步扩展功能的能力
--enable-rewrite \ 启用网页地址重写功能，用于网站优化、防盗链及目录迁移维护
--enable-charset-lite \ 启动字符集支持，以便支持使用各种字符集编码的页面
--enable-cgi 启用CGI（通用网关接口）脚本程序支持，便于网站的外部扩展应用访问能力
6. Compile and install
make #make -j 2 表示开2核同时进行编译
make install
make execution result
make install execution result
7. Optimize the configuration file path, and put the executable program file of the httpd service into the directory of the path environment variable for easy system identification
ln -s /usr/local/httpd/conf/httpd.conf /etc/
ln -s /usr/local/httpd/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
8. Add httpd system service
方法一：
cp /usr/local/httpd/bin/apachectl /etc/init.d/httpd #用于service服务管理
chmod +x /etc/init.d/httpd
vi /etc/init.d/httpd
#!/bin/bash #在第一行前插入新行，添加此三行内容
# chkconfig: 35 85 21 #35级别自动运行 第85个启动 第21个关闭
# description: Apache is a World Wide Web server
chkconfig --add httpd #将httpd服务加入到service管理器
systemctl start httpd.service
或
service httpd start
方法二：
vim /lib/systemd/system/httpd.service
[Unit]
Description=The Apache HTTP Server #描述
After=network.target #描述服务类别
[Service]
Type=forking #后台运行方式
PIDFile=/usr/local/httpd/logs/httpd.pid #PID文件位置
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/apachectl $OPTIONS #启动服务
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID #根据PID重载配置
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
systemctl start httpd.service
systemctl enable httpd.service
9. Modify httpd service configuration file
vim /etc/httpd.conf
--52行--修改
Listen 192.198.2.8:80
--197行--取消注释，修改
ServerName www.mhh.com:80
--221行--默认首页存放路径
DocumentRoot "/usr/local/httpd/htdocs"
--255行--默认首页文件名设置
DirectoryIndex index.html
httpd -t 或 apachectl -t #检查配置文件的配置项是否有误
cat /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/index.html
systemctl restart httpd.service
10. Browser access verification
netstat -anpt | grep 80
echo "192.168.2.8 www.mhh.com" >> /etc/hosts
虚拟机浏览器上进行验证
http://192.168.2.8
http://www.mhh.com
Three, compile and install Mysql service
1. Drag the relevant software package to the /opt directory
cd /opt
把软件包拖进xshell
2. Installation environment dependent packages
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake
yum -y install \
gcc \
gcc-c++ \
ncurses \ 字符终端下图形互动功能的动态库
ncurses-devel \ ncurses开发包
bison \ 语法分析器
cmake mysql需要用cmake编译安装
3. Configure the software module
tar zxvf mysql-5.7.17.tar.gz
tar zxvf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
cd /opt
mv boost_1_59_0 /usr/local/boost #移动到/usr/local目录下，并重命名为boost
cd /opt/mysql-5.7.17/
cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1
cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \ 指定mysql的安装路径
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \ 指定mysql进程监听套接字文件（数据库连接文件）的存储路径
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \ 指定配置文件的存储路径
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \ 指定进程文件的存储路径
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ 指定默认使用的字符集编码，如 utf8
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ 指定默认使用的字符集校对规则
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \ 指定支持其他字符集编码
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ 安装INNOBASE存储引擎
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ 安装ARCHIVE存储引擎
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ 安装BLACKHOLE存储引擎
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ 安装FEDERATED存储引擎
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \ 指定数据库文件的存储路径
-DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost \ 指定boost的路径，若使用mysql-boost集成包安装则-DWITH_BOOST=boost
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1 生成便于systemctl管理的文件
注意：如果在CMAKE的过程中有报错，当报错解决后，需要把源码目录中的CMakeCache.txt文件删除，然后再重新CMAKE，否则错误依旧
存储引擎选项：
MYISAM，MERGE，MEMORY，和CSV引擎是默认编译到服务器中，并不需要明确地安装。
静态编译一个存储引擎到服务器，使用-DWITH_engine_STORAGE_ENGINE= 1
可用的存储引擎值有：ARCHIVE, BLACKHOLE, EXAMPLE, FEDERATED, INNOBASE (InnoDB), PARTITION (partitioning support), 和PERFSCHEMA (Performance Schema)
Check whether boost is in the directory
4. Compile and install
make #make -j 2 表示开2核同时进行编译，要看虚拟机配置了几个核，核越多编译越快
make install
I directly make -j 6 here to specify 6 cores to compile at the same time. The following figure shows the compilation completion interface
5. Create Mysql user
useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
6. Modify the Mysql configuration file
vim /etc/my.cnf 删除原配置项，再重新添加下面内容
[client] 客户端设置
port = 3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld] 服务全局设置
user = mysql 设置管理用户
basedir=/usr/local/mysql 指定数据库的安装目录
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data 指定数据库文件的存储路径
port = 3306 指定端口
character-set-server=utf8 设置服务器字符集编码格式为utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid 指定pid 进程文件路径
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock 指定数据库连接文件
bind-address = 0.0.0.0 设置监听地址，0.0.0.0代表允许所有，如允许多个IP需空格隔开
skip-name-resolve 禁用DNS解析
max_connections=2048 设置mysql的最大连接数
default-storage-engine=INNODB 指定默认存储引擎
max_allowed_packet=16M 设置数据库接收的数据包大小的最大值
server-id = 1 指定服务ID号
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES
Common values of sql_mode are as follows
NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
如果需要的存储引擎被禁用或未编译,那么抛出错误。不设置此值时,用默认的存储引擎替代,并抛出一个异常
STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
在该模式下,如果一个值不能插入到一个事务表中,则中断当前的操作,对非事务表不做限制
NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER
禁止GRANT创建密码为空的用户
NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO
mysql中的自增长列可以从0开始。默认情况下自增长列是从1开始的，如果你插入值为0的数据会报错
NO_ZERO_IN_DATE
不允许日期和月份为零
NO_ZERO_DATE
mysql数据库不允许插入零日期,插入零日期会抛出错误而不是警告
ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO
在INSERT或UPDATE过程中，如果数据被零除，则产生错误而非警告。默认情况下数据被零除时MySQL返回NULL
PIPES_AS_CONCAT
将"||"视为字符串的连接操作符而非或运算符，这和Oracle数据库是一样的，也和字符串的拼接函数Concat相类似
ANSI_QUOTES
启用ANSI_QUOTES后，不能用双引号来引用字符串，因为它被解释为识别符
7. Change the owner group of the mysql installation directory and configuration file
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf
8. Set the path environment variable
echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile
9. Initialize the database
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
./mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
./mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \ 生成初始化密码为空
--user=mysql \ 指定管理用户
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \ 指定数据库的安装目录
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data 指定数据库文件的存储路径
10. Add Mysql system service
cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/ 用于systemctl服务管理
systemctl daemon-reload 刷新识别
systemctl start mysqld.service 开启服务
systemctl enable mysqld 开机自启动
netstat -anpt | grep 3306 查看端口
11. Modify the mysql login password
mysqladmin -u root -p password "abc123" 给root账号设置密码为abc123，提示输入的是原始密码（为空）
直接回车
You can exit Mysql account through exit and enter
12. Authorize remote login
mysql -u root -p
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'abc123'; （有分号）
#授予root用户可以在所有终端远程登录，使用的密码是abc123，并对所有数据库和所有表有操作权限
show databases; 查看当前已有的数据库
Four, compile and install the PHP parsing environment
1. Drag the PHP related installation package to the /opt directory in xhell
cd /opt/
把压缩包拖进来
2. Install GD library and GD library related programs to process and generate pictures
yum -y install \
gd \
libjpeg libjpeg-devel \
libpng libpng-devel \
freetype freetype-devel \
libxml2 libxml2-devel \
zlib zlib-devel \
curl curl-devel \
openssl openssl-devel
3. Configure the software module
cd /opt
tar jxvf php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
cd /opt/php-7.1.10/
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php7 \
--with-apxs2=/usr/local/httpd/bin/apxs \
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php7 \
--with-mysqli \
--with-zlib \
--with-curl \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-openssl \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-xml \
--enable-session \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-pdo \
--enable-tokenizer \
--enable-zip
The role of each step
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php7 \ #指定将 PHP 程序的安装路径
--with-apxs2=/usr/local/httpd/bin/apxs \ #指定Apache httpd服务提供的apxs 模块支持程序的文件位置
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \ #指定mysql 数据库连接文件的存储路径
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php7 #设置 PHP 的配置文件 php.ini 将要存放的位置
--with-mysqli \ #添加 MySQL 扩展支持 #mysqli扩展技术不仅可以调用MySQL的存储过程、处理MySQL事务，而且还可以使访问数据库工作变得更加稳定
--with-zlib \ #支持zlib功能，提供数据压缩
--with-curl \ #开启curl扩展功能，实现HTTP的Get下载和Post请求的方法
--with-gd \ #激活gd 库的支持
--with-jpeg-dir \ #激活jpeg 的支持
--with-png-dir \ #激活png 的支持
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-openssl \
--enable-mbstring \ #启用多字节字符串功能，以便支持中文等代码
--enable-xml \ #开启扩展性标记语言模块
--enable-session \ #会话
--enable-ftp \ #文本传输协议
--enable-pdo \ #函数库
--enable-tokenizer \ #令牌解释器
--enable-zip #ZIP压缩格式
The configuration is complete here
4. Compile and install
make && make install
I here make -j 6 directly specify the 6-core compilation, the compilation is complete interface
Compile and install complete interface
5. Copy the template file as the main configuration file of PHP and modify it
cp /opt/php-7.1.10/php.ini-development /usr/local/php7/php.ini
在测试环境时使用php.ini-development文件，而在生产环境时使用php.ini-production文件
vim /usr/local/php7/php.ini
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock --1170行--修改
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai --939行--取消注释，修改
6. Optimize the PHP executable program file to be placed in the directory of the path environment variable for easy system identification
ln -s /usr/local/php7/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
php -m 查看PHP 加载了哪些模块
7. Modify the configuration file of the httpd service to allow Apache to support PHP
vim /etc/httpd.conf
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php --393行--插入以下内容(插在下面，原行不删)
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
DirectoryIndex index.html index.php --255行--修改首页文件名设置
LoadModule php7_module modules/libphp7.so ---检查支持php7的模块是否存在（可以用'/'在文件中查找 ）
8. Verify the PHP test page
rm -rf /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/index.html
vim /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
systemctl restart httpd.service
9. Use a browser to access on the virtual machine
http://192.168.2.8
Enter the php test page
Five, install the forum
1. Create a database and authorize
mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE bbs;
#创建一个数据库
GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'abc123';
#把bbs数据库里面所有表的权限授予给bbsuser,并设置密码abc123
flush privileges;
#刷新数据库
show databases;
Then exit and press Enter to exit Mysql
2. Unzip the forum compressed package
unzip /opt/Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip -d /opt/dis
cd /opt/dis/dir_SC_UTF8/
cp -r upload/ /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/bbs #上传站点更新包
The decompressed directory is dis in the /opt directory
3. Change the owner of the forum directory
cd /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/bbs
ps -ef | grep httpd #查看httpd默认账号，可看到其默认账号为daemon
chown -R daemon ./config
chown -R daemon ./data
chown -R daemon ./uc_client
chown -R daemon ./uc_server/data
Note: Before you change the owner, you can access the forum, but you don’t have permission to write many files, because the default account of apache is daemon. If you want to write to the files under htdocs, you must change the user permissions of the folder.
①Use ps -ef | grep httpd to see that its default account is daemon
②Cannot write without changing the owner
③Switch the directory to view the owner
④ Change the owner to daemon, so that these directories support the apache operating account to be writable
4. Browser access verification
论坛页面访问
http://192.168.2.8/bbs
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
数据库服务器：localhost ###本地架设就用localhost，如何不是在在本机上就要填写IP地址和端口号
数据库名字：bbs
数据库用户名：bbsuser
数据库密码：abc123
管理员账号:admin
管理员密码:admin123
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
论坛后台管理员页面
http://192.168.2.8/bbs/admin.php
①Enter the address to visit the forum
②All the directories can be read and written after changing the owner of the four directories
③Set up the operating environment
④Set up database and administrator information
⑤Enter the forum
⑥Log in to the administrator account
⑦Go to the administrator interface
⑧Manage the forum through the administrator interface
