ISOC: Internet Society
IETF: Internet Engineering Task Force Internet Engineering Department
IRTF: Internet Research Task Force Internet Research Department
PDU: Protocol Data Unit
ISP: Internet Service Provider Internet Service Provider
【Physical layer】
WDM ：Wavelength Division Multiplexing 波分复用
CDM: Code Division Multiplexing
SONET ：Synchronous Optical Network Synchronous Optical Network
SDH: Synchronous Digital Hierarchy Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
ADSL: Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line, which uses digital technology to transform existing analog telephone users so that it can carry broadband digital services.
FTTH: Fiber To The Home
FTTB: Fiber To The Building
FTTZ: Fiber To The Zone
FTTx: Fiber To The... FTTH, FTTB, FTTZ... a collective term
ODN: Optical Distribution Network
PON: Passive Optical Network
OLT: Optical Line Terminal
【data link layer】
MTU: Maximum Transfer Unit
SOH: Start Of Header frame
EOT: End Of Transmission frame
CRC: Cyclic Redundancy Check
FCS: Frame Check Sequence (additional code)
PPP: Point-to-Point Protocol
LCP: Link Control Protocol Link Control Protocol
NCP: Network Control Protocol Network Control Protocol
Ethernet: Ethernet
NIC: Network Interface Card [Function: used to implement the protocol of the physical layer and the data link layer. 】
CSMA/CD: Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection
hub: Hub, which works at the physical layer and does not implement the CSMA/CD protocol.
10BaseT: 10 represents a data rate of 10 Mbit/s, Base represents that the signal on the connection line is a baseband signal, and T represents a twisted pair.
10BastF: F stands for optical fiber.
MAC: Media Access Control media access control sub-layer protocol
Switch: Switch, working at the data link layer
LAN: Local Area Network
VLAN: Virtual Local Area Network Virtual Local Area Network
【Network layer】
ARP: Address Resolution Protocol
ICMP: Internet Control Message Protocol Internet Control Message Protocol
IGMP: Internet Group Management Protocol Internet Group Management Protocol
ICANN: Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
CIDR: Classless Inter-Domain Routing
ICMP: Internet Control Message Protocol Internet Control Message Protocol
RIP: Routing Information Protocol, a kind of internal gateway protocol
OSPF: Open Shortest Path First, an internal gateway protocol
AS: Autonomous System self-made system
BGP: Border Gateway Protocol External Gateway Protocol
IGMP: Internet Group Management Protocol Internet Group Management Protocol
MPLS: MultiProtocol Lable Switching
LDP: Label Distribution Protocol
【Transport layer】
NAT: Network Address Translation Network Address Translation
NAPT: Network Address Port Translation [Interpretation: Several computers are converted to the same public IP address when they are online, and at the same time, different source port numbers must be assigned to replace the original source port numbers to distinguish these computers. 】
【Application layer】
TLD: Top Level Domain Top Level Domain
DNS: Domain Name System [Interpretation: The allocation mechanism of host name and domain name, and the conversion mechanism of host name and IP address collectively]
FTP: File Transfer Protocol
TFTP: Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Telnet: Telecommunication network remote login
URL: Uniform Resource Locator Uniform Resource Locator