Network Basics Lesson 1

    IP address

    On the network each host , each network device , each network are having only one IP address. Such as: 192.168.3.100 , 172.12.3.123

The IP address is equivalent to the ID number of each of us and is unique .

The computer can only recognize the IP address, but not the domain name ( www.baidu.com ) . How to convert the IP address and domain name? I'll talk about it later.

The IP address consists of 32 -bit binary, assuming 11111111100000000000000000000110101101010010

It consists of 4 segments of 8 -bit binary, separated by " . " In the middle of each segment .

The IP address consists of: abcd , where a , b , c , and d are numbers between 0-255

The usual IP address is expressed in decimal .

Special IP address: 127.0.0.1  represents theIPaddress ofthe machine. 127.0.0.1This machine'sIPaddress cannot be used by the outside world.

 

The domain DN (Domain Name)

 

For example: www. Baidu .com  www.sina.com.cn

 

Because IP addresses are not easy to remember, a "domain name " composed of characters was invented .

 

The composition of the domain name : letters, numbers, -( underscore ) and other characters, the length of the domain name cannot exceed 255 characters. Domain names are case-sensitive.

 

www.care-jet.com    Kerry Jebsen

 

Domain names are hierarchical:

 

www.sina.com.cn The   lowest level is on the far left , and the highest level is on the far right

 

Sina is the main body of Sina domain name

 

com stands for commercial organization

 

cn stands for China ( the top domain name of the country )

 

Common institution codes

 

com commercial organization, generally refers to a company

 

gov government department   www.gz.gov.cn     www.henan.gov.cn     www.beijing.gov.cn

 

mil military website

 

edu education website    www.pku.edu.cn  Peking University

 

org non-profit organization    www.redcross.org.cn   Chinese Red Cross

 

Commonly used country codes

 

cn China     us United States     jp Japan     tw Taiwan     hk Hong Kong

Special domain name: the domain name of this machine is localhost

 

Special IP : The IP address of this machine : 127.0.0.1

 

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Origin www.cnblogs.com/ltl11230/p/12750511.html