In fact, the difference between Linux and Windows is still very large. It can even be said that people who have not been in contact with Linux do not understand how to use this operating system at least. At least I feel this way. After learning Linux, my most intuitive feeling when using these two systems is that Windows is used for personal PCs. The simple and clear graphical interface makes it easy for people who do not understand the principles of computers to get started and use them quickly, so Windows users are almost everyone. However , the use of Linux on computers is for server-side systems. The English-language character operation interface is not to mention ordinary people. Most programmers who write code are discouraged from it, so Linux users require certain professional knowledge. Even if it is a personal PC with a Linux operating system sold online , I also see that the merchant has a special explanation that the user needs to have certain professional knowledge.
So this article is about the introduction of Linux, especially for beginners like me who have not been in touch with Linux. It is still introduced through the comparison between Windows and Linux, so that you can feel the special features of Linux more intuitively.
Linux version
The version mentioned here is not an updated iterative version of the same software or system like win7 and win10, but refers to different versions of the Linux operating system such as Ubuntu and CentOS. For beginners, you will find that Ubuntu, CentOS, etc. are all Linux operating systems, then you may have questions about which operating system to choose for learning. Is there any difference between them? After learning one of them, If you need to use another Linux operating system in the future, do you have to learn it again. In fact, don't worry at all, just choose one to learn, and for beginners, it is best to choose the same system as the textbook or teaching video.
Unlike Windows, various versions of operating systems appear in Linux because the Linux system essentially has only one system kernel, and this Linux system kernel is open source, and various versions of the Linux operating system only carry out their own operations on this kernel. A layer of packaging, including various applications, and then released into a Linux operating system with its own characteristics, just like Android, different manufacturers can customize their own Android system according to their needs, but they are also essentially They are all Android systems. For beginners, they are actually learning the Linux kernel, not a special operating system. Different Linux operating systems have the same Linux kernel, so you do n’t have to worry about which one to choose. The problem of operating systems, when you first learn, you only need to follow the operating system specified in the textbook or teaching video. When you actually use it in life or work, you can go to study some special features of the specific operating system. usage.
Linux open source
For my understanding of open source software, as far as I am concerned, there were some misunderstandings about open source in the past, or incomplete understanding and incomplete understanding, such as that open source software does not have formal commercial software and it will have more bugs than commercial software. Will be more unstable than commercial software and so on. But in fact it is not, even completely misunderstood, just like Linux system in terms of security and stability, strictly speaking, it is much higher than Windows. Generally speaking, open source software has the following advantages:
- Cheap or even free: Open source software does not mean it is free, but most are very cheap, even free.
- Open source code: Open source code not only allows users to customize their own software according to their own needs, but more importantly, it means that it is transparent, and its bugs will be more easily discovered, and thus its security And stability will be higher.
- Free R & D and dissemination: With the source code, you can naturally develop and publish results together, but generally speaking, the product developed from the secondary development of open source software should also be open source when disseminated. .
Linux application
The application of Windows, its positioning is actually a personal PC, especially its graphical user interface, which allows ordinary people with completely different computer principles to easily get started.
However, in addition to the application of Linux in the field of enterprise servers, the core of the Android system is actually Linux, and in addition to the application on mobile terminals such as mobile phones and tablets, the Android system is also widely used in embedded fields such as smart car home appliances.
Linux Disk
The feeling of the disk on Windows is clear at a glance. As long as you open the Explorer, you can clearly see which disk you want to use, click it with the mouse, even if you insert an external device such as a U disk, CD, etc. Windows can also be recognized automatically. Users don't need to do anything, they can clearly display it on the interface and use it directly.
But there is no such thing as a drive letter in Linux, and there is no more C drive and D drive. The entire file system of Linux is like a tree-structured directory, the root directory "/" is the top, and then the first-level directory such as "/ etc "," / root ", etc., and then secondary directories such as" / usr / bin ", and so on, the intuitive feeling is that it does not divide the C drive, D drive, but placed in the same large Under the "disc". Linux is also very different from Windows in that all external devices, including disks, U disks, CDs, etc., need to be manually mounted by professionals before they can be used.