openpyxl operation excel

Openpyxl python is a common repository for common template Excel format and performs data read and write operations.

installation

installation

pip install openpyxl

pillow: Need to use the images (jpeg, png, bmp, ...) in the file, you need to install pillow library.

Note: Please close the excel files need to operate during a write operation, write or unsuccessful

Xlsx load operation content

Loading external excel xlsx steps of:
loading xlsx file, get the file handle for the workbook

from openpyxl import load_workbook
wb = load_workbook('test.xlsx')
print(wb.get_sheet_names())
# ['Sheet2', 'New Title', 'Sheet1']

Gets the designated column

wb = load_workbook(pwd)
ws = wb['action']
cols = ws['C']

for cell in range(2, ws.max_row):
   v = v2[cell].value
   if v is None:   # 去掉空行
      continue
   print(v)

max_row is inclusive of all the empty rows of empty rows to None

New workbook in memory

Create a workbook

Started openpyxl, there is no need to create a file on the file system.
Just import Workbook class and start using it. Wordbook can be thought of as an excel file.

from openpyxl import Workbook
wb = Workbook()

After the workbook is created at the very least you want to create a worksheet. useopenpyxl.workbook.Workbook.active()

ws = wb.active

The method uses _active_sheet_index property, default setting 0

Create a worksheet

Use openpyxl.workbook.Workbook.create_sheet()to create a new worksheet

ws1 = wb.create_sheet("new_sheet_1") # 新建sheet,插入到最后(默认)
ws2 = wb.create_sheet("new_sheet_2", 0) # 插入到最开始的位置

Specifies the name of the worksheet

When you do not specify sheet name, according to the sheet, sheet1, sheet2 automatic growth

ws3 = wb.create_sheet()

Custom worksheet name, by specifying the name of the property title, set the name of the sheet

ws3.title = "new_sheet_3"

Now all sheetname output wb view
through openpyxl.workbook.Workbook.sheetnames()output wb Now all sheetname

print wb.get_sheet_names()
print(wb.sheetnames)

cycle

for sheet in wb:
print(sheet.title)

Specifies the worksheet tab button color

The new sheet tab color is white, you can additionally specify color sheet tab button

ws3.sheet_properties.tabColor = "1072BA"

Activate a worksheet

Name of the active worksheet by using a sheet
as a key workbook name in

ws3 = wb["new_sheet_3"]

By _active_sheet_indexactivating a sheet use

wb._active_sheet_index = 1 # 获取第二个sheet

Create a copy of the worksheet

Use openpyxl.workbook.Workbook.copy_worksheet()to create a copy of the worksheet

source = wb.active
target = wb.copy_worksheet(source)

You can only copy cell and style. The workbook can not be copied between worksheets.

Operation Cell

When a worksheet is created in memory, is not included cells, the cells are created when you first visit
the cell can be seen as key worksheet by key access to data in a cell

c = ws['A3'] # 访问单元格,不存在则会自动创建一个
print c.value
ws['A4'] = 'a4 value' # 指定单元格的值
print ws['A4'].value
d = ws.cell(row=4, column=2, value='通过cell指定') # 通过row column数字指定
print d.value

Circulating cells created in memory

Without specifying its value can be created in memory

for i in range(1, 10):
for j in range(1, 10):
ws.cell(row=i, column=j)

Many cells designated by slicing Ranges

cell_range = ws['A1':'C2']

Ranges rows or columns can also be

print ws['C']
print ws['C:D']
print ws[10]
print ws[5:10]

You can also use iter_rows () specified line -> line, cut-off column

for row in ws.iter_rows(min_row=1, max_row=2, max_col=3):
for c in row:
print(c)

iter_cols () the specified column -> columns, cut-off line

for row in ws.iter_rows(min_col=1, max_col=3, max_row=20):
for c in row:
print(c)

Use index

Use directly

for row in ws.iter_rows(min_row=2, max_row=5, max_col=6):
    for index, c in enumerate(row):
        row[0].value = "aaa"
        row[1].value = "bbb"
        row[2].value = "ccc"

Through all the files of a row or column

ws['C9'] = 'hello world'
tuple(ws.rows) # 转化成tuple方便for in操作
tuple(ws.columns)

save document

wb = Workbook()
wb.save("assets/sample.xlsx")

This existing file overwrites without warning.

All operations are to see the need to save to excel

Save as template

Specifies the property as_template=True, you can save the document as a template .xltx

wb = load_workbook('document.xlsx')
wb.template = True
wb.save('document_template.xltx')

Or the property is set to False (the default), save it as a file:

wb = load_workbook('document_template.xltx')
wb.template = False
wb.save('document.xlsx', as_template=False)

Using the formula

wb = load\_workbook\('assets/sample.xlsx'\)
ws = wb.active
ws\["A5"\] = "=SUM\(2, 1\)"
wb.save\("assets/sample.xlsx"\)