Unit test the effects: a function or a confirmation result of the introduction of package is correct.
Traditional method: whether the results of the test output and expected results are consistent,
have something to do on the production environment, to be effective, there is no such environmental test environment;
not conducive to the management, the need to test framework to solve the problem.
In Golang with a testing framework testing lightweight , Go Test test command to implement testing and performance testing unit (execution code takes time).
Solve the following problems by unit tests:
- Make sure that each function is run, and the results are output correctly.
- Write code to ensure performance is good
- A logic unit test can discover errors, use of program design and implementation of early exposure to locate the solution to the problem.
- Performance test focused on a number of issues on the programming, but also allows the program to remain stable at high concurrency.
Use unit testing
- Tested separately create a folder, and to main () running isolation test does not require the file main () entry.
- .Go function test file, extracted _test.go file, needs to import Testing _test.go package.
Example:
package tst
import "testing"
func Test<dest>(t *testing.T) {
//引入测试函数1
//引入测试函数2
}
Case Simulation: tst create a package, and then write two papers, Accumu.go and Accumu_test.go inside, two documents written as follows
Accumu.go
//>>> Accumu.go <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
package tst
func Accumu(n int) int { //就是一个累加器，没啥说得，没有main()
res := 0
for i := 0 ; i <= n ; i++ {
res += i
}
return res
}
Accumu_test.go
//>>> Accumu_test.go <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
//测试单个文件：切换到此目录下，go test -v会默认测试所有函数，如果只想测试其中一个，需要命令 go test -v Accumu_test.go Accumu.go
//测试单个方法：切换到此目录下，需要命令 go test -v -test.run Accumu
package tst
import (
"testing" //需要导入testing包
)
func TestAccumu(t *testing.T) { //在Goland中，默认test文件都会直接出此类格式
res := Accumu(10) //测试结果与res所传函数有关，与函数名无关
if res != 55 {
t.Fatalf("应输入值为%v，实际输出为%v",55,res) //遇到错误即终止，并会反馈结果为FAIL
}
t.Logf("程序测试正确！") //如果测试无异常则打印PASS，后面日志为t.logf()中的字符串内容
} //关于测试结果，Goland中测试文件都会有一个红色箭头，因此无需黑屏终端go test命令来使用
Test results are as follows:
/*
e:\Golear\src\tst>go test -v
=== RUN TestAccumu
--- PASS: TestAccumu (0.00s)
cal_test.go:12: 程序测试正确！
PASS
ok _/e_/Golear/src/tst 0.536s
e:\Golear\src\tst>go test -v -test.run Accumu
=== RUN TestAccumu
--- PASS: TestAccumu (0.00s)
cal_test.go:12: 程序测试正确！
PASS
ok _/e_/Golear/src/tst 0.607s
*/
Serializing and deserializing unit tests + + file used in conjunction with the actual application:
Demand: Creating a structure: Heros
fields: Name string, Age int, Hobby string
method: Store () after the structure variable serialized saved to a file kunkun.txt in
RevStore () from the file structure variable kunkun.txt Summary read and deserialize
unit testing: testing the above-described two methods is normal.
:( core code segment assume as production, can not be easily tested)
package main
import (
"bufio"
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"os"
)
type KunFamily struct {
Name string `json:"name"`
Age int `json:"age"`
Hobby string `json:"hobby"`
}
func (k *KunFamily) Store() bool { //为了确保测试，故返回布尔值
slice, err := json.Marshal(k)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("序列化失败，失败原因为： ",err)
return false
}
file, err := os.OpenFile("D:/kunkun.txt", os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE, 0666)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("请检查错误为：", err)
return false
}
defer file.Close()
writer := bufio.NewWriter(file)
_, _ = writer.WriteString(string(slice))
_ = writer.Flush()
return true
}
func (k *KunFamily) RevStore() bool { //为了确保测试，故返回布尔值
//读取文件
file := "D:/kunkun.txt"
content, err := ioutil.ReadFile(file)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("读取错误，错误为：", err)
return false
}
//反序列化
err1 := json.Unmarshal([]byte(content), k) //err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(string), &<struct结构体变量>)
if err1 != nil {
fmt.Println("反序列化出现异常，异常报错为：",err1)
return false
}
return true
}
func main() {
var caixukun1 = &KunFamily{"蔡徐坤1",20,"鸡你太美"}
caixukun1.Store()
caixukun1.RevStore()
}
Test file is written off from the production :( a code segment, x.go)
package tst
import (
"bufio"
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"os"
)
type KunFamily struct {
Name string `json:"name"`
Age int `json:"age"`
Hobby string `json:"hobby"`
}
func (k *KunFamily) Store() bool {
slice, err := json.Marshal(k)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("序列化失败，失败原因为： ",err)
return false
}
file, err := os.OpenFile("D:/kunkun.txt", os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE, 0666)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("请检查错误为：", err)
return false
}
defer file.Close()
writer := bufio.NewWriter(file)
_, _ = writer.WriteString(string(slice))
_ = writer.Flush()
return true
}
func (k *KunFamily) RevStore() bool {
file := "D:/kunkun.txt"
content, err := ioutil.ReadFile(file)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("读取错误，错误为：", err)
return false
}
err1 := json.Unmarshal([]byte(content), k) //err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(string), &<struct结构体变量>)
if err1 != nil {
fmt.Println("反序列化出现异常，异常报错为：",err1)
return false
}
return true
}
Written test file: (x_test.go)
package tst
import (
"testing"
)
func TestKunFamily_Store(t *testing.T) {
var caixukun = &KunFamily{"蔡徐坤1",20,"鸡你太美"}
res := caixukun.Store()
if res != true {
t.Fatalf("测试失败")
}
t.Logf("程序测试正确！")
}
func TestKunFamily_RevStore(t *testing.T) {
var caixukun = &KunFamily{"蔡徐坤1",20,"鸡你太美"}
res := caixukun.RevStore()
if res != true {
t.Fatalf("测试失败")
}
t.Logf("程序测试正确！")
}
