1 question
The test environment refers to the general term of computer hardware, software, network equipment, historical data, etc. necessary to complete the software test work, that is, the software and hardware required to support the completion of the test work. The test environment is the basis of the test activities, correctly simulating the production environment, and stably supporting the test activities are the basic requirements of the test environment. A stable and controllable test environment can improve the test efficiency of the test engineer, and the test engineer does not need to spend too much time maintaining the stability of the test environment and the reasonableness of the test data. Test engineers only need to execute test cases correctly (both automated test cases and manual test cases are included here) to stably reproduce the test process.
However, in actual work, the test environment is the most important problem blocking the test work. The test team often debates whether the test environment needs to completely replicate the production environment. At the same time, the test environment is unstable and the test environment depends on uncertainties. Both have caused troubles in the construction of the test environment. This article gives some test environment construction principles and management practices, so as to solve the problems faced by some of the above test environments to the greatest extent.
2 Principles and methods of test environment construction
2.1 The dilemma of the test environment
The most ideal test environment is a complete copy of the production environment, but this ideal test environment is difficult to achieve no matter in the era of physical machines, virtual machines, or even under containerization now, and it is difficult to achieve a complete production environment. The root of duplication is cost. In the era of physical machines, the production environment often needs to deploy many server departments. If the test environment is to be built in accordance with the production environment, it needs to provide hardware costs of the same order of magnitude as the production environment. This cost problem is difficult for almost all teams to cope with. Therefore, the physical In the computer era, the establishment of a test environment has always been a difficult problem.
After entering the era of virtual machines, although one physical machine can be virtualized into several servers through virtualization, one physical machine can also support a few virtual machines, so the cost of investment still restricts The construction scale of the test environment. Then, with the development of technology, the emergence of containerization has changed a major problem in the era of physical machines and virtual machines. A physical machine