xlrd module reads the data in Excel table

1, the installation xlrd library

Directly mounting tool pip (pycharmIDE course also be used for mounting, not detailed here)

pip3 install xlrd -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple

2, xlrd some common command module

① Open excel file and creates an object store

data = xlrd.open_workbook(文件路径)

② Gets the name of the file in all worksheets

data.sheet_names()

③ get inside the ranks of the content based on the name of the worksheet

table = data.sheet_by_name('Sheet1')

④ get the name of the worksheet, the number of rows, number of columns

name = table.name
rowNum = table.nrows
colNum = table.ncols

⑤ obtaining cell content in three ways

table.cell(i,j).value
table.cell_value(i,j)
table.row(i)[j].value

⑥ obtaining cell data type

table.cell(i,j).ctype
或者
type(table.cell_value(i, j)

xlrd data types are:

0 empty,
1 string,
2 number,
3 date,
4 boolean,
5 error

The default data taken from excel print will cause problems:
digital all by floating point output, output date to a string of decimal, Boolean output 0 or 1, so we have to do judgment processing data is converted into what we want in the program Types of

⑦ get a list of all the fields in the first row of the worksheet

table.row_values(0)

3, write a class automatically get excel table of contents

This code is automatically converted cell data types, floating-point does not occur in shaping digital display, displaying Boolean True or False 1,0; date and time is displayed as a series of decimal problems

import xlrd
from xlrd import xldate_as_tuple
import datetime
'''
xlrd中单元格的数据类型
数字一律按浮点型输出，日期输出成一串小数，布尔型输出0或1，所以我们必须在程序中做判断处理转换
成我们想要的数据类型
0 empty,1 string, 2 number, 3 date, 4 boolean, 5 error
'''
class ExcelData():
    # 初始化方法
    def __init__(self, data_path, sheetname):
        #定义一个属性接收文件路径
        self.data_path = data_path
        # 定义一个属性接收工作表名称
        self.sheetname = sheetname
        # 使用xlrd模块打开excel表读取数据
        self.data = xlrd.open_workbook(self.data_path)
        # 根据工作表的名称获取工作表中的内容（方式①）
        self.table = self.data.sheet_by_name(self.sheetname)
        # 根据工作表的索引获取工作表的内容（方式②）
        # self.table = self.data.sheet_by_name(0)
        # 获取第一行所有内容,如果括号中1就是第二行，这点跟列表索引类似
        self.keys = self.table.row_values(0)
        # 获取工作表的有效行数
        self.rowNum = self.table.nrows
        # 获取工作表的有效列数
        self.colNum = self.table.ncols

    # 定义一个读取excel表的方法
    def readExcel(self):
        # 定义一个空列表
        datas = []
        for i in range(1, self.rowNum):
            # 定义一个空字典
            sheet_data = {}
            for j in range(self.colNum):
                # 获取单元格数据类型
                c_type = self.table.cell(i,j).ctype
                # 获取单元格数据
                c_cell = self.table.cell_value(i, j)
                if c_type == 2 and c_cell % 1 == 0:  # 如果是整形
                    c_cell = int(c_cell)
                elif c_type == 3:
                    # 转成datetime对象
                    date = datetime.datetime(*xldate_as_tuple(c_cell,0))
                    c_cell = date.strftime('%Y/%d/%m %H:%M:%S')
                elif c_type == 4:
                    c_cell = True if c_cell == 1 else False
                sheet_data[self.keys[j]] = c_cell
                # 循环每一个有效的单元格，将字段与值对应存储到字典中
                # 字典的key就是excel表中每列第一行的字段
                # sheet_data[self.keys[j]] = self.table.row_values(i)[j]
            # 再将字典追加到列表中
            datas.append(sheet_data)
        # 返回从excel中获取到的数据：以列表存字典的形式返回
        return datas
if __name__ == "__main__":
    data_path = "ttt.xlsx"
    sheetname = "Sheet1"
    get_data = ExcelData(data_path, sheetname)
    datas = get_data.readExcel()
    print(datas)

Locally created an excel file, as follows:

After the code implementation of the results show:

[
{'学号': 1001, '姓名': '张1', '年龄': 18, '专业': '语文', '考试时间': '2019/18/06 09:00:00'}, 
{'学号': 1002, '姓名': '张2', '年龄': 19, '专业': '数学', '考试时间': '2019/19/06 09:00:00'}, 
{'学号': 1003, '姓名': '张3', '年龄': 20, '专业': '英语', '考试时间': '2019/20/06 09:00:00'},
{'学号': 1004, '姓名': '张4', '年龄': 21, '专业': '物理', '考试时间': '2019/21/06 09:00:00'}, 
{'学号': 1005, '姓名': '张5', '年龄': 22, '专业': '化学', '考试时间': '2019/22/06 09:00:00'}
]