1. What is the operating system? (Referred to as OS)
We know that the computer is a lot of hardware, and operating system on the computer hardware configuration is the first layer of software, whose main role is to manage the composition of computer hardware, so that we can intuitively use these hardware to increase our production capacity. The operating system can be said to be a platform that allows us to take full advantage of computers to achieve a lot of things.
2. The operating system of the target (in this case is a perfect operating system to achieve the goal)
(1) Convenience: The meaning here is to express a no computer OS configuration is extremely difficult to use, so the OS configuration computer a great convenience to the way we use computers.
(2) Effectiveness: The meaning here is that OS to improve our efficiency in the use of computers. For example, when the OS is not configured in the same time period, we can only use the computer to do a thing, after configuration, we can do 10 things
(3) Scalability: is the operating system can be upgraded with the hardware and the corresponding upgrade.
(4) Open: refers to the worldwide production of computers can be equipped with this system, and can reach the first three
3. The role of the operating system
(1) OS as an interface between the user and the computer hardware: With the OS refers to the user you can run your own program on a computer.
(2) OS as a manager of computer resources: We know there are a lot of hardware in a computer, the operating system is the equivalent of their boss, making them effective operation
(3) OS implements the abstraction of computer resources: that OS computer hardware resources can be put to ordinary people can understand presented to us.
4. The development of the operating system
which we have to learn any knowledge of a learning process, only know how it was born and how to grow before they can better learn what it is now.
1.1945 was born the first computer, it is not its own operating system, all of our operations on the computer are taken way manual operation performed.
Way manual operation is how it carried out?
Is such that the first programmer previously perforated sheet machine starts to load the input data into the computer on the paper sheet, then restart the computer running, and only when the program finishes running calculations removed, allowed for the next user. Obvious disadvantages:
(1) user exclusive whole machine. (2) CPU waits for manual operation
until the late 1950s, there has been a off-line input \ output (Off-Line I \ O) way, so that we can better compared to the previous use of computers
this technology is in advance with the user program and data loaded tape tape input unit, under the control of a peripheral machine input data on the tape to the tape, when the CPU needs to these programs and data from the tape and then the high-speed modulation into memory. When the CPU needs to output, CPU may start with the transmission of data from the memory cache to the tape directly, and under the control of another peripheral unit, then the results on the magnetic tape through respective output device. Appears advantage of this approach are:
(1) reducing the idle time of the CPU
(2) increases the I \ O speed
2.20 mid-1950s, there have been single-batch system, the mid-1960s, IBM has designed a multi-batch system, after sharing system, real-time system has, until now of all modern computer operating system operating system.
The operating system of learning, we focus on learning is to describe and control (1) the process of operating system (2) processor scheduling and deadlock (3) management of memory (4) virtual memory (5) I \ O system
management (6) file management (7) of the disk file (8) operating system Interface (9) multiprocessor operating system (10) operating the multimedia system
Above learning summary includes personal, such as the existence unreasonable, welcome to point out, learn from each other.
