Application block chain on product traceability week BB Finance [view] focus. Speaking block chain traceability of goods, people often called field block chain outside the financial sector are most likely landing application, but also the direction of development policy is not the most risk, so Ali, Jingdong as well as Jiangsu, Guangdong and Chongqing government We are actively promoting the development of the relevant block chain system landing.
However, the block chain traceability in the end what is, what it can do, and why in addition to the existing product traceability system, also need to add block chain technology, and so these issues are not one or two words can say where of. Moreover, some items just to fish in the block chain as a panacea that would block chain traceability can do anything, but did not consider it practical utility and practical difficulties. This article is to make a clarification on related issues, were to answer the following questions:
(1) What is the product traceable?
(2) block chain traceability of goods What are the advantages over existing product traceability system?
(3) the existing major giants, the government blocks commodity chain traceability project what?
Question (4) block chain traceability of goods are now facing?
First, what is the product traceable?
Product traceability that white is a matter of supply chain. In the production, testing, transportation, and customs clearance throughout the supply chain of a commodity, how to do to control the whole process, clarify the chain of accountability people, improve transparency, try to put an end to counterfeit counterfeit, consumer trust, has been is a problem.
Commodity supply chains of major businesses now have a number of general areas, the lack of control measures, similar to the three non-product, shoddy, fake sea Amoy, second-hand goods and countless other problems, difficult to ban. And when you want to check in the end is which part of the problem, the often time-consuming, or even impossible to search from.
Therefore, it can be said the commodity supply chain is a typical scenario of lack of trust.
And this way, damage not only the consumer, as well as purchase the product seller.
Product traceability is actually a self-certificate business on their own goods made: try to provide their own merchandise to consumers from the start of production to all aspects of the information shelves, consumer trust.
Second, and compared to the existing product traceability system, the block chain traceability of goods What are the advantages?
For commodity supply chain issues, there have been some measures, in particular on security and logistics. General security, the more common is posted in the two-dimensional code security packaging, such as drugs have regulatory code above, after the scan code that consumers can learn some information and some add coating on the two-dimensional code, for example, some of the books that in order to confirm the genuine or not. But these techniques, or it may be copied and transferred, thereby fraud.
Four kinds of chain traceability technology think tank tower mentioned in the report, block chain is the latest technical solutions
Traditional traceability needed to supervise a more cumbersome procedures, more human and material resources. For example, in the logistics links, possibly in a customs, quarantine procedures will be a number of Road, requiring multiple approvals, need to be prepared to deal with a lot of files origin, quarantine, quality, tariffs and so forth, greatly reduce the logistics efficiency, improve logistics costs.
Moreover, the existing traceability of goods, the seller also is entirely a voluntary witness behavior, lack of information third party oversight, consumer businesses to provide, generally only passively accept, can not own verification. This time, in fact, still rely on a trusted businesses to endorse. Traceability throughout the product information, businesses may well be tampered with asymmetric information problem has not improved.
After 2015, bitcoin block chain behind the technology is that people noticed. Block chain as a distributed books, open and transparent, can not be altered, can be traced, so that the decentralized, which makes some people realize, perhaps it can provide new solutions for the traceability of goods.
Block chain traceability can do for merchandise?
First, the track record of the whole process, and supply chain system a perfect fit, allowing goods to control additional support. Information generation block chain in the embodiment, the data is packed into blocks, stamped, to form a chain, so that a process, similar to the product supply chain process, both the perfect fusion. A commodity from raw materials, processing and other production processes start to quarantine, transport, storage, shelves, etc., can be based on the chronological chain, make a complete record of the process.
Second, chain information can not be altered. Once the information on the chain, it can not erase, which is equivalent to the power centers of digestion institutions. Jingdong Y block chain applications business unit responsible for innovation Zhangzuo Yi said: "The traditional way of accounting information only to a docking center, from a technical point of view information can be tampered with, but with the block chain after all Once the information is recorded on the block chain can not be changed, and the information recorded in Jingdong block chain of more than Jingdong, the brands have, in testing organizations have, by government regulatory agencies have, to solve the trust issue. "
The third is to increase the credit endorsement. As above, the second, the information recorded in the block chain, agencies involved in far more than one, able to monitor each other, and because part of the information on the multi-chain, also increases the risk of fraud and the difficulty.
Fourth, reduce supply chain costs. Block chain can be used as a ledger book, into a unified certificate, open up all aspects of the supply chain to optimize the supply chain of goods, reduce unnecessary duplication of verification and improve efficiency.
Fifth, better define responsibilities and strengthen the credit filing. Because the real-time recording block chain and can not be tampered with, open and transparent features, once a part of the problem, it is easy to check out after the incident - in the end is what stepped out of the question, in this session in the end who is responsible . In this case, there will not be the "temporary" launched to drop the charges, the limelight is over the issue out again resumed business, because if this person has been fraud, in this system, consumers can see, and also You can set intelligent contracts automatically alert security risks.
Sixth, to effectively prevent counterfeiting of goods. Information on commodity chain, the whole process, equivalent to a commodity ID card, no matter where it appears in, you can confirm its identity, this time to fake shoddy, will greatly increase the difficulty .
Third, the current major giants, the government blocks commodity chain traceability Projects
At present, the development of block chain traceability project, not only have a special block chain traceability start-up companies, such as traceability chain, the only chain, the root cause, intellectual chain, as well as Ali, Baidu, Jingdong, Suning, IBM this Internet giant, and they most likely compete in this big push hands.
Baidu third quarter of this year released a PIC-CHAIN totem white paper, aims to ensure the alliance chain, the picture copyright information is permanently written to block chain, combined with Baidu knowledge map of artificial intelligence technology to allow dissemination of works of traceability, may reprint, can be monitored, to change the traditional picture copyright protection mode.
November this year, "Baidu product traceability" Yangcheng Lake hairy crabs also staged a traceable activity.
Jingdong March this year, also issued a White Paper, aimed at building support their landing application block chain BaaS platform to block chain as a "linker", combined with new technologies in their cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence, networking, etc. accumulated experience, wisdom build an integrated supply chain system, network and retail banking technology, goods and customers closer distance.
Ali is not only trying to join goods traceability in their field of electronic business, still doing the payment chain technology treasure blocks, such as rental traceability and so on.
In addition to the layout of giants, China's local governments are promoting related construction. For example, in September this year, Yuzhong District Commission by letter, deputy party secretary, says Rollins, the Chongqing municipal government attaches great importance to the development of block chain technology, a pilot on the block chain applications, focusing on landing traceability of agricultural products.
Fourth, the problem now facing the block chain traceability of goods
Block chain does provide for the traceability of goods new solutions, but still faces many problems, and the problem of fake and shoddy goods, and also due to the additional blocks can not completely eliminate the chain, can only say, block chain for the manufacture, sale and shoddy products to increase the difficulty and cost.
The first problem is the question of cost as well as the authenticity of the information on the chain on the chain of data. Every link on the chain data, certainly increased the workload, and data entry may also be man-made fake. While convenience may be a problem in which a part of a lot of verification, thereby increasing the cost of credit, but most information on the beginning of the chain, may still be a problem.
The second is the prevailing traceability is actually dependent on the commodity label on the packaging or the built-in two-dimensional code, and therefore traceable to the fact that this label, rather than the product itself. If the goods in which a part of the package was substitution, is still possible to sneak fake.
The third problem is the speed of the transaction block chain itself. Some studies refer to the current chain for the public, TPS (processing of transactions per second) is a bottleneck in 3000, far behind now Alipay, Jingdong processing speed.
Because of these problems, the development of block chain traceability, still long way to go.
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