Problems with the evolution of the data center network architecture - cloud network integration

table of Contents

The foregoing list

" Problem with the evolution of the data center network architecture - traditional routing and switching technology three-tier network architecture ,"
" the problem of data center network architecture and evolution - network virtualization "
" problems with the evolution of the data center network architecture - CLOS network and Fat-Tree , Spine-Leaf architecture "
" problems with the evolution of the data center network architecture - Overlay network "
" problem with the evolution of the data center network architecture - SDN "
" problems with the evolution of the data center network architecture - hybrid cloud , "
" data center network architecture problems and Evolution - VPC "
" - issues and evolution of the data center network architecture VPN and WAN-SD "
" problems with the evolution of the data center network architecture - NFV "

Cloud network integration

Speaking earlier, hybrid cloud era will release a comprehensive innovation capability of enterprises, cloud and network integration to solve the contradiction between the technical level of the enterprise network plight of rising demand and innovation cloudy interconnected. - Cloud network integration is based on business needs and technological innovation driven parallel network architecture to bring profound changes that cloud and highly synergistic network, support each other, learn from each other a conceptual model .
Cloud network integration is a natural product of cloud computing development process, people from the "Do you want the cloud to how the cloud," the concept of change is a fundamental factor in the network cloud integration needs. Now everyone goes, even manpower cloudy, then the relationship between these individuals should be how to build? I think this is a philosophical question, just how we think they should get along with the world, "the relationship between clouds and between clouds and cloud people" think that cloud network integration historic mission.
Simple "large bandwidth, low-latency" network has been unable to meet the business users are more diversified (multi-system, multi-service, multi-scene) on the cloud requirements. Cloud service provider's network urgent need from a device-centric, user-centric evolution, so the network has become more concise and intelligent, not too many requirements for upper layer services and strategies, network users will have to understand the business intended capacity.
Trends cloud network integration gradually from "connected" to the "Cloud + Network + ICT service" and "cloud + network + service" transition between cloud Internet just the process, the ultimate goal is a high degree of integration to achieve cloud network and the actual business, including service dynamic adjustment of resources, the rational allocation of computing resources, and customized service interworking and so on. In recent years, SD-WAN, cloud line, peer connections cloud network integration technology has gradually matured. Currently, telecom operators first camp as a cloud network integration, cloud service providers as the second camp, the cloud network integration services in the enterprise cloud eventually, in the course of the cloud, the cloud network interoperability importance of continuous improvement.

Note : Hybrid Cloud is just a cloud network integration scenario, the cloud has a more diverse network integration scenarios.

Cloud network integration scenarios

Cross-cloud service provider's cloud resource pools Internet : refers to the high-speed interconnection between different public cloud resource pools cloud service providers. The public cloud resource pools scene to solve the interconnection problem from different vendors, and ultimately across the Internet cloud service providers across the cloud resource pool. Cross-cloud service providers, also known as the Internet cloud resource pool cloudy Internet.

Hybrid cloud scenarios : refers to local businesses (private cloud, the local data center, enterprise private IT platform) and high-speed connectivity between public cloud resource pools, and ultimately the local computing data migration between the environment and the cloud resource pool, disaster recovery, data communications needs.

Multi-center communication scenario : refers to the high-speed interconnection between different resource pool of the same cloud service providers. Solve the problem of cloud resource pools interconnected distributed in different regions. Businesses can pool resources in different application deployment to complete the backup, data migration tasks.

Cloud network integration trends

From the beginning of the second half of 2018, a number of public cloud giants have begun to cloud network's tentacles continues to plumb directly providing CPE equipment, the use of the CPE, flow into the enterprise cloud will be automatically point to point private backbone POP to achieve the so-called "zero-configuration into the clouds." After the CPE integrated into the entire cloud network architecture, public cloud can provide, including export terminal equipments, to POP access points in major cities, to the global backbone network, and then distributed around the world the VPC Region and the network cloud, from the perspective of the network point of view, it would be a complete coverage of the solution downstream.

Cloud as a sales entry, the flow through the CPE to pull their own backbone network, the cloud and then into its own through its own network, which is a few public cloud giant cloud network depicted one out of shape.

上述介绍了围绕公有云私有骨干网展开的组网架构，提到这通常意味着自有的网入自有的云，云作为前端入口带动用户入网，网反过来再将用户进一步与云锁定。这还只是涉及到 IaaS，入云之后 PaaS 层面的锁定将更为严重，如果用户的业务系统使用了某家公有云提供的中间件或者 API 后，从这个云上下来可能就更加困难了。对于小企业而言这种一站式的解决方案很具有吸引力，但是对于大企业来说，锁定却意味着后期在价格和服务等方面上面临着受制于人的风险，另外小企业未来也可能会发展为大企业，防微杜渐同样非常关键。

另外，2018 年下半年，各大公有云频繁出现故障，或服务宕机或数据丢失，甚至出现了被自然灾害所破坏的事件。因此，使用多个公有云，除了降低公有云对于用户的锁定以外，还可以起到分散风险的作用。多云对于未来业界生态的健康发展非常关键，已经引起了业界的广泛关注，而如何打通多云间的连接，将成为多云的关键能力。

目前各大公有云都会提供 VPN 网关，支持与企业分支或者数据中心间进行互联。但是却很少直接在两个公有云间直接互联。考虑到这种现状，为打通多个公有云，最常见的思路，是利用企业数据中心作为 Hub，分别与不同公有云的连接，由企业的数据中心来转接不同公有云间的流量，即由用户自己来承担多云互联的责任。

相比之下，设备厂商所构想的多云互联方案，是在不同的公有云中引入 vRouter，使用 vRouter 与企业分支或者数据中心互通，如果企业在其分支或数据中心以及各个公有云上使用某个厂商的设备，就能够绕开公有云的 VPN 网关，由厂商的控制器对组网进行统一的管理与控制，一方面可以实现端到端的自动化，另一方面厂商的 vRouter 上具备更多的路由、安全、以及 SD-WAN 的能力，能够满足用户更为复杂的组网需求。这种思路下，多云互联的责任落到了厂商的 vRouter上，不同公有云的 vRouter 间得以直接进行 IPSec 互联。

上述介绍的两种思路，技术上区别不大，不过组网所围绕的重心却有所不同。实际上，厂商的 vRouter 相当于 OTT 掉了公有云，与公有云提供的 VPN 网关形成了直接的竞争关系。目前来看，公有云并不排斥在 Market Place 上引入厂商的 vRouter，但未来云组网的生态将发生什么样的变化，仍然有待观察。

未来云网融合的挑战

在多云的场景下，行业中目前正在涌现出一类角色，专业实现多云间的流量交换，通常被称为 CXP，Cloud Exchange Provider。公有云中分布在不同 Region 的 VPC，企业分布在不同地域的分支或数据中心，彼此之间以 CXP 作为连接的枢纽进行流量的交换。可以看到的是， CXP 与之前所提到的公有云私有的骨干网的区别在于，公有云私有的骨干网通常只与自有的云进行连接，而 CXP 自身并不做公有云，因此会尽可能多地与不同的公有云建立连接，丰富其作为交换平台的公有云连接度。

CXP 是未来云网融合生态中不可忽视的一股力量。对于少数公有云巨头来说，结合其公有云的资源与服务，及其私有骨干网的覆盖与带宽，可形成上下游全覆盖的整体解决方案，一体化交付的能力将稳固其市场份额，并形成正向的推力。不过，对于其他的公有云来说，可能不具备自建私有骨干网，并提供整体解决方案的能力，因此他们与 CXP 间的合作，将会是未来保持行业生态多样性的重要基础。

扮演 CXP 角色的选手有很多。传统的 IXP 只做 Internet 流量的交换平台，其覆盖点广泛地分布在全球，随着公有云的成熟与普及，IXP 与多个公有云间打通连接后，将顺理成章地转型为 CXP。传统的网络运营，具备着非常发达的网络结构，广泛的覆盖，以及强大的带宽能力，也同样是未来转型 CXP 的种子选手。

For public clouds, the early construction of private backbone network, usually only connect their different Region. When the market structure to further clarify the future, if a family can not occupy public cloud enough market share, this time may be split on the cloud and network at the strategic level, to allow a third party to open up its backbone network to connect public cloud, and operate independently, then it is equivalent to the transition to the role of CXP.

We can see that both the inter-branch enterprise / data center, or across the enterprise branch / data center and public cloud, or to realize the connection between different public clouds, WAN will continue to play a central role. Early on, the industry focused on VPC internal clouds, public cloud and later by the cloud gateway networking boundaries extend outward cross-domain, Internet access and hybrid cloud connection, to the current concept is gradually emerging cloudy future when 5G, IOT edge computing and large-scale landing, WAN will bring more development opportunities, while in the technology and business models, but also for existing WAN presents a great challenge.