This article from finishing study notes [Python Interface Development Testing Tutorial
A. Dict and json
0. json Literacy
1. json is a data exchange format
2. json independent programming language
1. dict and json
1. python data types: type View data types
2. dict type contrast with json
| python | json |
| dict | object |
| list,tuple | array |
| str, unicode | string |
| int, long, float | number |
| True | true |
| False | false |
| None | null |
3. dict and json system conversion (Note: the dictionary are unordered)
1 #coding:utf-8 2 3 import json 4 5 d = {"a":None, 6 "b":False, 7 "c":True, 8 "d":"Bab", 9 "e":{"f":1, 10 "g":"11", 11 "h": [ " . 1 " , 12 is ], 12 is " I " :( " in " , 90 )} 13 is 14 Print (type (D)) 15 Print ( " dict:% S " % D) 16 . 17 # is converted into data json 18 is d_json = json.dumps (D) . 19 20 is Print (type (d_json)) 21 is Print ( " dict:% S " % d_json) 22 is 23 is # services json return, to turn into a dict json 24 j_dict = json.loads(d_json)
Two. Json
1. json pass parameters
There are two ways mass post request json parameters (two equivalents):
a. json parameter directly transmitted (automatically transfer json)
R1 = request.POST (URL, json = payload)
B. data transmission parameters (conversion required json)
R2 = requests.post (URL, = json.dumps data (payload)
2. json parsing
1. Content byte is output by converting json loads into dict: d = json.loads (res.content)
2. json () is the type of json returned by the server into dict: res.json ()
3. json parsing Case
1 # coding: utf-8 2 3 import requests 4 requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings() 5 6 header = { 7 "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/79.0.3945.130 Safari/537.36"} 8 9 url = "https://www.kuaidi100.com/query?type=zhongtong&postid=73124853607476" 10 11 res = requests.get(url=url, headers=header, verify=False) 12 13 #json resolved into dict 14 res_dict = res.json () 15 Print (res_dict) 16 . 17 # to obtain the latest information on a delivery 18 is Result = res_dict [ " Data " ] [0] [ " context " ] . 19 20 is IF " has sign " in the Result: 21 Print ( " has been successfully sign up " ) 22 the else : 23 Print ( " No sign success " )
Three. Url
1. url encoding and decoding
Automatic Request processing request url with the Chinese
1 # coding: utf-8 2 3 from urllib import parse 4 5 a = "中文" 6 # 转url编码 7 b = parse.quote(a) 8 url = "https://zzk.cnblogs.com/s/blogpost?w=%s" % b 9 print(url) 10 11 import requests 12 13 requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings() 14 15 # requests自动转换 16 r = requests.get("https://zzk.cnblogs.com/s/blogpost?w=%s" % a, verify=False) 17 print(r.url) 18 print(type(r.url)) 19 print(r.encoding) 20 # 解码 21 print(parse.unquote(r.url))
2. Parameters related
Sometimes the need to use the next request on a request parameters, such as: blog Garden delete drafts
Delete draft blog Park:
The first step: Log
Step 2: Create Draft
The third step: Get draft ID
Step four: Delete the draft according to the acquired ID
1 # coding: utf-8 2 import requests 3 4 s = requests.session() 5 # 第一步, 登录 6 login_url = "https://account.cnblogs.com/signin" 7 head = { 8 "Host": "i-beta.cnblogs.com", 9 "X-BLOG-ID": "553511", 10 "Sec-Fetch-Dest": "empty", 11 "DNT": "1", 12 "Sec-Fetch-Site": "same-origin", 13 "Sec-Fetch-Mode": "cors", 14 "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate, br", 15 "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9", 16 "Connection": "keep-alive", 17 "Accept": "application/json, text/plain, */*", 18 "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/79.0.3945.130 Safari/537.36"} 19 login_res = s.get(url=login_url, headers=head, verify=False) 20 21 22 # 添加cookie 23 c = requests.cookies.RequestsCookieJar() 24 c.set("SyntaxHighlighter", "python " ) 25 c.set ( " .Cnblogs.AspNetCore.Cookies " , 26 " CfDJ8Nf-Z6tqUPlNrwu2nvfTJEi5DJv_S6Y3UBLEFlVb0n3pFU3EnkUL5-f15OY58-u4RCoY5fCLQxPWQmmEqs3gjZIjDcAY2RxUw3s1rFhRmzVpOk-SRCjZQAJTLc-rewpX458ZRqLwPkEDn3hZXfbRRajcRzLFW1j55SbVPUU86Zf3VP4F70TzIzd4fVZnJBlvm0eu5b2K0p1E1h3X2XQh9UqJ4J9-f3p6AeSfAcvrHiD0TRMi8Uo2ZhZoGuU0rXxxdWrB_uTFeMA19t0S9tSkmxTgWiJvhxKKij0CrlJPV8xaX9SxK9QbF2rw_yycHd1zqWwnD3OiAU6aAwFlX6KgSyxR-tBjhrwe7yJ3ZFpTOvF-Rpr28Hpi-BwvAFfI_CsYNEQLE3ceelXIV8yHIjSSBC3pqXMu8nuFgQa6OZf139Jt4aLCUbc2TJLlu-a149qlRC8AEhk4P05g2ZP-DqmWZqT3qimx8hdS6k-8BoZNvCaSlOGbDbQ4KdKE3asqq8IB8snOwvOy-l2gQzTWOJDkeBcb5VLAdD9woAPT01Kgg5Y5 " , 27 ) 28 c.set(".CNBlogsCookie", 29 "1767FD5C44246E1484E1B1481D0FBA40D909BC74F7949838F7622E7F575023D5F9C137E904E235BAF3575F3B177C19D483071B93FB2BA6510A34B295EE9C497FB2C3E4857D02C1B5D5B16A527BC10AB90785D68E") 30 # 添加cookie到session 31 s.cookies.update(c) 32 33 34 # 第二步, 保存草稿 35 draft_url = "https://i-beta.cnblogs.com/api/posts" 36 37 data = {"id": None, "postType": 1, "title": "test1", "url": None, "postBody": "<p>test1</p>", "categoryIds": None, 38 "inSiteCandidate": False, "inSiteHome": False, "siteCategoryId": None, "blogTeamIds": None, 39 "isPublished": False, "displayOnHomePage": True, "isAllowComments": True, "includeInMainSyndication": True, 40 "isPinned": False, "isOnlyForRegisterUser": False, "isUpdateDateAdded": False, "entryName": None, 41 "description": None, "tags": None, "password": None, "datePublished": "2020-02-29T10:03:17.364Z", 42 "isMarkdown": False, "isDraft": True, "autoDesc": None, "changePostType": False, "blogId": 0, "author": None, 43 "removeScript": False, "ip": None, "changeCreatedTime": False, "canChangeCreatedTime": False} 44 45 draft_res = s.post(draft_url, json=data, headers=head, verify=False) 46 is Print (draft_res.url) 47 48 # parameter values of the third step, is required to extract the 49 return_data = draft_res.json () 50 draft_id return_data = [ " ID " ] 51 is 52 is # fourth step, deleting the draft 53 is delete_draft_url = " https://i-beta.cnblogs.com/api/posts/%s " % draft_id 54 is delete_draft_res = s.delete (URL = delete_draft_url, headers = head, Verify = False) 55 Print (delete_draft_res.status_code)