A new MIT research was supported by the US Army Research Office and the National Science Foundation. The study considered the biggest challenge facing quantum technology " correction " proposed a more effective solution, which could constitute an important part of the future based on a variety of quantum technology, making quantum computers, quantum communication systems, as well as highly sensitive sensors The system is more practical.
Challenges facing quantum devices
Laboratories around the world are racing to develop new computing and sensing devices based on quantum mechanics, although these devices may have a huge advantage over traditional equipment, but these techniques are still faced with several challenges.
Quantum "noise"
One of the most important issue is how to deal with the "noise" because many quantum system itself is highly sensitive to the external environment, noise is generated because the physical and natural systems are not isolated, they are simply a larger environment part, there are a number of particles within the environment, and each particle in a different, unknown direction of movement, this randomness produces thermal fluctuations. That is, the quantum bit in the device operation noise already present . When measurement calculation processing, noise, the results show that the error. Therefore, we call to eliminate "noise" or error, i.e. the elimination of random fluctuations in the data storage device.
It is not easy to measure
Another major challenge facing quantum device is not easy to measure. Since qubits (the Qubit) having entanglement (Entanglement) feature, for preparation of researchers "entanglement" quantum bits, when the researchers to change in a predictable manner in which the state of a qubit, the state of the other qubit It will instantly change, which leads to the researchers it is difficult to understand a lot of the principle reasons although this feature is the ability of quantum computing devices exponential growth.
Conventional noise reduction method
Presence of noise a large amount of computing power will weaken quantum computers. The traditional method of reducing noise is noise generated by a variety of possibilities to capture errors associated algorithms or by adding more bits to reduce the secondary quantum noise. However, the development of the algorithm takes a lot of resources, and the addition of auxiliary quantum bits you may need thousands of standard quantum bits to create a highly reliable "logical" qubit.
Efficient way to reduce noise
Recently, MIT researchers have developed a new way to take an important step forward in terms of quantum error correction. The method involves a variety of noise to fine-tune the system to handle most likely to occur, rather than trying to capture all possible sources of interference.The study, published in "Physical Review Letters" ( "Physical Review Letters"), by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology graduate student David Layden, postdoctoral Mo Chen and Nuclear Science and Engineering Professor Paola Cappellaro co-authored.
(Source: the MIT, David Layden) [/ Caption]
In the diamond crystal, the three carbon nuclei (blue) around an empty point (red) referred to as a nitrogen vacancy color centers, which generally acts as a single electron. While the carbon nucleus acts qubit proved interfering with their major source of noise from the intermediate unstable "e." The researchers found that by understanding the single main source of noise, can more easily be error correction.
The researchers found a way to limit the scope of correction on the most popular a particular type of noise. They are working on quantum systems composed of carbon nuclei, the carbon diamond crystal nuclei located in the vicinity of a specific defect, the defect referred to as nitrogen-vacancy color centers (NV). The behavior of these defects as single isolated "e", as their presence makes it possible to control the carbon nuclei in the vicinity.
But the team found that the impact of these nuclei vast majority of noise from a single source: that defects in the vicinity of the nucleus itself random fluctuations . This noise source can be precisely simulated, but since the other sources of noise generated is relatively small, thus suppressing fluctuations in nitrogen-vacancy color centers randomly generated by itself will likely have a major impact.
Thus, the research team specifically proposed a different strategy for this particular error correction, the dominant noise source. So far, this work is only theoretical, the research team is actively demonstrate this principle in the laboratory. The researchers said that if it works as expected, it will form an important part of the future based on a variety of quantum technology , including the possibility to solve highly complex problems of quantum computers, quantum communication system can be protected from prying eyes, highly sensitive sensor systems.
Author | DingD editor | Sakura
Disclaimer: this article for the purpose of high-quality information, the source tagging errors or if infringement, please hold of proof of ownership to contact us, we will promptly correct, delete all images whose rights belong to the organization cited here only quote, original articles reprinted need authorization.
