Hangman is a double game, usually paper and pencil to play. A player wants a good word, and then on paper to draw each letter in a word space. Then the second player to guess the word in this letter may contain.
If the second player guesses right, the first player to fill in the correct letters in the space provided. If you did not guess right, the first player to draw a portion matches the person's body. The second player must draw a good person before the match, I guessed all the letters in the word, the only way he can win.
main content:
- List;
- in operator;
- method;
- Method string lower (), upper (), split (), startswith () and endsWith ();
- elif statement;
Source:
import random
HANGMAN_PICS = ['''
+---+
|
|
|
===''','''
+---+
0 |
|
|
===''','''
+---+
0 |
| |
|
===''','''
+---+
0 |
/| |
|
===''','''
+---+
0 |
/|\ |
|
===''','''
+---+
0 |
/|\ |
/ |
===''','''
+---+
0 |
/|\ |
/ \ |
===''']
words = '''ant baboon badger bat beer beaver
camle cat clam cobra cougar
coyote crow deer dog donkey duck eagle
ferret fox frog goat goose hawk'''.split()
def getRandomWord(wordList):
#This function returns a random string from the passed list of string.
wordIndex = random.randint(0, len(wordList) - 1)
return wordList[wordIndex]
def displayBoard(missedLetters, correctLetters, secretWord):
print(HANGMAN_PICS[len(missedLetters)])
print()
print('Missed letters:', end=' ')
for letter in missedLetters:
print(letter, end=' ')
print()
blanks = '_'*len(secretWord)
for i in range(len(secretWord)):
#Replace blanks with correctly guessed letters.
if secretWord[i] in correctLetters:
blanks = blanks[:i] + secretWord[i] + blanks[i + 1:]
#Show the secret word with spaces in betweeen each letter.
for letter in blanks:
print(letter, end=' ')
print()
def getGuess(alreadyGuessed):
#Return the letter the player entered. This function makes sure the
#player entered asingle letter and not something else.
while True:
print('Guess a letter.')
guess = input()
guess = guess.lower()
if len(guess) != 1:
print('Please enter a single letter.')
elif guess in alreadyGuessed:
print('you have already guessed that letter. Choose again.')
elif guess not in 'abcdefghizklmnopqrstuvwxyz':
print('Please enter a LETTER.')
else:
return guess
def playAgain():
#This function returns True if the player wants to play agains;
#otherwise, it returns False.
print('Do you want to play again ? (yes or no)')
return input().lower().startswith('y')
print('H A N G M A N')
missedLetters = ' '
correctLetters = ' '
secretWord = getRandomWord(words)
gameIsDone = False
while True:
displayBoard(missedLetters, correctLetters, secretWord)
guess = getGuess(missedLetters + correctLetters)
if guess in secretWord:
correctLetters = correctLetters + guess
foundAllLetters = True
for i in range(len(secretWord)):
if secretWord[i] not in correctLetters:
foundAllLetters = False
break
if foundAllLetters == True:
print('Yes! The secret word is "' + secretWord + '"! You have won!')
gameIsDone = True
else:
missedLetters = missedLetters + guess
#Check if player has guessed too many times and lost.
if len(missedLetters) == len(HANGMAN_PICS) - 1:
displayBoard(missedLetters, correctLetters, secretWord)
print('You have run out of guesses!\nAfter ' +
str(len(missedLetters)) + ' missed guesses and '+
str(len(correctLetters)) + ' correct guesses, the word was "'
+ secretWord +' " ')
gameIsDone = True
#Ask the player if they want to play again(but only if the game is done.)
if gameIsDone:
if playAgain():
missedLetters = ''
correctLetters = ''
gameIsDone = False
secretWord = getRandomWord(words)
else:
break
constant:
HANGMAN_PICS variable name is all uppercase, it is a constant practice. Constants (constsnt) is the amount after the first assignment of its value is not changing.
List of data types
HANGMAN_PICS contains several multi-line strings. Each comma-separated values in the list, these values are also called element (item). HANGMAN_PICS Each element is a multi-line string list enables you to store a plurality of values, without the need to use a value for each variable.
The list can be accessed through an index, remember the list index value is zero, that 0 is the first element in the list.
List Connection
Connecting the list using the + sign in the following example:
>>> [1,2,3] + [4,5,6] + [7,8,9]
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
in operator
in operator can tell us whether a value is in the list, use the expression in operator returns a Boolean value. If the value in the list, the return value is True; if the value is not in the list, the return value is False.
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
>>> 1 in [1,2,3]
True
>>> 4 in [1,2,3]
False
Calling the method:
Method (method) is attached to a function of the value above. To call a method, you must use a sentence that point attached to a specific value.
reverse () method will reverse the order of the elements in the list.
>>> x = [1,2,3]
>>> x.reverse()
>>> x
[3, 2, 1]
append () method will add it as an argument to the value of the end of the list.
>>> x = [1,2,3]
>>> x.append(4)
>>> x
[1, 2, 3, 4]
split () method returns a list of the plurality of strings
>>> y ='Hello Pyhton'
>>> y.split()
['Hello', 'Pyhton']
lower () method returns a string lowercase letter is
upper () method returns a string that letter is capitalized
>>> y ='Hello Pyhton'
>>> y.split()
['Hello', 'Pyhton']
>>> y = 'Hello World'
>>> y.lower()
'hello world'
>>> y.upper()
'HELLO WORLD'
startswith () method begins with the brackets return True, otherwise it is False
endsWith () method is to return Flase beginning in parentheses, breeding is True
>>> 'hello'.startswith('h')
True
>>> 'python'.endswith('p')
False
reference:
- "Python Game Programming Quick Start" fourth edition, AI Sweigart with, Li Qiang translation
