System commonly used commands
| command | Options | Examples | meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| top | top | Display process consumes the most resources in the current system | |
| date | date | The system displays the current time | |
| ps | Less used alone, with the options according to the needs, ps -ef or ps -aux | ||
| -e | ps -e | Show all processes | |
| -f | ps -ef | Full format | |
| -a | PS-A | Display all processes for all users (including other users) | |
| -u | ps - the | Order a user name and start time to show progress | |
| -x | ps aux | Showed no process control terminal | |
| kill | -9 | kill -9 pid | Forced to kill a process |
| df | -h | df -h | Display case where disk space using the system in human-readable manner |
| of | -sh | df -sh | The sum of the specified directory and its subdirectories display has been used in a human readable form of disk space |
| free | free | Display current memory usage and swap space | |
| ifconfig | ifconfig eth0 192.168.116.2 | NIC network configuration, P temporarily modify the system, the failure reboot | |
| ping | ping baidu.com | Test network connectivity | |
| -c | ping -c 3 192.168.116.1 | Specifies the number of transmissions | |
| hostname | hostname | View hostname | |
| shutdown | -r | shutdown -r | First off, and then restart |
| shutdown | -h | shutdown -h | Does not restart after shutdown |
Linux system commonly used shortcut commands and symbols
| command | Examples | meaning |
|---|---|---|
| ctrl+c | Stop process | |
| ctrl+l | Clear screen | |
| ctrl+r | Search-history | |
| ctrl+q | drop out | |
| tab | Autocomplete | |
| > | ech0 “hello world” > a.txt | The output of the previous command, and writes back the file, the text will be emptied, and then write |
| >> | ech0 “hello world” >> a.txt | The output of the previous command, and writes back the file, does not clear the text, the text is appended to the last |
| | | cat a.txt | grep ‘hello world’ | Pipe command, the output of a previous command as input, and computes. Example: in-line printing with a.txt hello world string |
| * | Wildcard means all |
vim editor
Modify the text
| symbol | meaning |
|---|---|
| i | Is inserted before the cursor |
| | | The current line is inserted at the cursor |
| a | Inserted after the cursor |
| A | Is inserted at the end of the current line of the cursor |
| O | Current cursor next line insert a new row |
| O | The cursor is on a line current row insert a new row |
| :wq | Save and Exit |
Positioning command
| symbol | meaning |
|---|---|
| :set nu | 显示行号 |
| :set nomu | 取消行号 |
| gg | 跳到首行 |
| G | 跳到末行 |
| :n | 跳到第n行 |
替换和取消命令
| 符号 | 含义 |
|---|---|
| u | undo，取消上一步操作 |
| ctrl+r | redo，返回到undo之前 |
| r | 替换光标所在处的字符 |
| R | 从光标所在处开始替换，按ESC键结束 |
删除命令
| 符号 | 含义 |
|---|---|
| x | 删除光标所在处字符 |
| nx | 删除光标所在处后的n个字符 |
| dd | 删除光标所在行，ndd删除n行 |
| dG | 删除光标所在行到末尾行的所有内容 |
| D | 删除光标所在处当行尾的内容 |
| :5,7 d | 删除指定范围的行 |
常用快捷键
| 符号 | 含义 |
|---|---|
| shift+zz | 保存并退出 |
| v | 进入字符可视化模式 |
| V | 进入行可视化模式 |
| ctrl+v | 进入块可视化模式 |
