1. Check the Help: man
Exit Help Contents: q
2. Change directories: cd
cd directory
cd directory / directory
CD .. (go back one level)
CD / (root)
~ cd (home)
3. Create a directory and delete directories
mkdir create
mkdir directory name
mkdir -p a/b/c
rmdir Delete
rmdir directory name (only delete an empty directory)
4 shows a directory listing the file (you can later use ll)
ls show can see the files (and directories) name
ls -a show the names of all the files (in front of the file there. "" represents the hidden file)
ls -l show details of the file (shorthand way: ll)
ls -h -friendly display
5. Browse file
cat filename displays the contents of all files
more Pagination
Space: next page
Enter: The next line
less Pagination
You can view the page by PgUp PgDn
tail view a file's contents back
tail - After displaying a few lines of the file name
tail -f filename
Dynamic view for example: tail -f catalina.xxx.log (by the end of ctrl + c to scroll)
6. Operation files
Create a file
touch the file name to create a blank file
Copy files
cp file directory / file names such as: cp 1.txt 2.txt cp 1.txt 1 / 1.txt
Move files (rename)
mv file directory / file name
mv file name new file name
Delete Files
rm filename with asking deleted
rm -f file name without asking delete
rm -r directory with a recursive delete inquiry
rm -rf directory without asking recursive delete (use caution)
Pack or unpack a file or directory
Common combination:
-cvf package a file or directory
-zcvf packaged and compress a file or directory compression formats: gzip
tar -xvf unzip or open a file
Format: tar parameter file name you want to pack / unpack files directory
For example: all files in the current directory packaged into test1.tar tar -cvf test1.tar./*
All files in the current directory packaged and compressed into test2.tar.gz tar -zcvf test2.tar.gz ./*
The test1.tar extract to the current directory tar -xvf test1.tar
B test1.tar extract to the directory tar -xvf test1.tar -C b