5.1 inline function
inline void show(){
cout << "Hello Wordl！" <<endl;
}
int main(){
show();
}
- Will
show()copy the contents of the function to the main function to
5.2 returns a reference
int &sum(){
int num = 1;
int& rNum = num;
return rNum;
}
int main(){
int& ans = sum();
cout << ans << endl;
return 0;
}
- Note: Do not return to a local object reference. When the function is finished, release the memory space allocated to a local object. In this case, a reference to a local object will point to the uncertainty of memory.
5.3 Function overloading
/* 重载决议1.不认识 &
* 2.不认识 const
*/
// 重载: 函数名相同，参数不同;
void eating(int num); //重载决议后的函数名字是: eating_int
void eating(float num); //重载决议后的函数名字是: eating_float
5.4 Function Templates
//定义虚拟类型
template <typename T>//只在下面一个函数有效
void Swap(T &a,T &b){
T temp = a;
a = b;
b = temp;
}
int main()
{
double num1 = 4.7,num2 = 5;
Swap(num1,num2);
cout << num1 <<" "<< num2 << endl;
return 0;
}
6. Object-Oriented
6.1 basis
class Student{
private://私有属性
int values;
public://共有属性
Student(){}; //构造函数
~Student(){}; //析构函数
void eat(); //函数的定义
};
//！！！一定要先写出关系来
Student::Student() : values(15) { //简单的赋值方法
cout << "默认构造" << endl;
}
//类中函数方法的实现
Student::eat(){
cout << "我是一个函数" << endl;
}
The best definition .hppto file
6.2 heap and stack memory
int main(){
Student stu; //在栈内存中定义一个对象
Student* ptr_stu = new Student(); //在堆内存中定义一个对象
delete ptr_stu; //!!!在堆内存定义的东西使用完结束后一定要释放堆内存
}
6.3 This pointer
class Student{
private://私有属性
int values;
public://共有属性
Student(){}; //构造函数
~Student(){}; //析构函数
void eat(); //函数的定义
};
Student::Student(){
this->values = 5; //This指针只能在对象中用，是函数的第一个隐式参数
this->eat(); //通过This指针使用对象的方法
}
6.4 operator overloading
class Integer{
private:
int m_value;
public:
//构造函数
Integer() : m_value(0){}
Integer(int value): m_value(value) {}
//！！！重载运算符 实现两个对象相加
const Integer operator+(const Integer other)const;
//得到值
int getValue() {return m_value;}
//析构函数
~Integer(){};
};
//实现运算符的重载
const Integer Integer::operator+(const Integer other)const {
Integer result(this->m_value + other.m_value);
return result;
}
