Experimental environment ready
virtual machine: VMware® Workstation 14 Pro
operating systems: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.6 x86_64
RHEL-Server-6.6-x86_64-DVD.iso
the Oracle software : the Oracle 11.2.0.4
p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7 .zip
p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip
virtual server configuration
cpu: 1 core
memory: 2G
HDD: 30G
shared disk: 2G * 3 + 5G + 6G
card * 3
operating system installation
partition :( experimental environment to minimize principles for installation, the actual production environment requires proper planning based on demand)
/ the Boot 200M
swap 3200M
/ all of the remaining space
packages:
select Desktop
time zone:
select shanghai
Create a shared disk
vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 2g -a lsilogic -t 2 "D:\vmware\sharedisk\Shared_Virtual_Disk_OCR1.vmdk" vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 2g -a lsilogic -t 2 "D:\vmware\sharedisk\Shared_Virtual_Disk_OCR2.vmdk" vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 2g -a lsilogic -t 2 "D:\vmware\sharedisk\Shared_Virtual_Disk_OCR3.vmdk" vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 5g -a lsilogic -t 2 "D:\vmware\sharedisk\Shared_Virtual_Disk_FRA.vmdk" vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 6g -a lsilogic -t 2 "D:\vmware\sharedisk\Shared_Virtual_Disk_DATA.vmdk"
After the virtual machine machine, in srac1.vmx / srac2.vmx last file append the following
#shared disks configure disk.EnableUUID="TRUE" disk.locking = "FALSE" scsi1.shared = "TRUE" diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = "0" diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = "0" diskLib.dataCacheMinReadAheadSize = "0" diskLib.dataCachePageSize= "4096" diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = "0" scsi1.present = "TRUE" scsi1.virtualDev = "lsilogic" scsil.sharedBus = "VIRTUAL" scsi1:0.present = "TRUE" scsi1:0.mode = "independent-persistent" scsi1:0.fileName = "D:\vmware\sharedisk\Shared_Virtual_Disk_OCR1.vmdk" scsi1:0.deviceType = "disk" scsi1:0.redo = "" scsi1:1.present = "TRUE" scsi1:1.mode = "independent-persistent" scsi1:1.fileName = "D:\vmware\sharedisk\Shared_Virtual_Disk_OCR2.vmdk" scsi1:1.deviceType = "disk" scsi1:1.redo = "" scsi1:2.present = "TRUE" scsi1:2.mode = "independent-persistent" scsi1:2.fileName = "D:\vmware\sharedisk\Shared_Virtual_Disk_OCR3.vmdk" scsi1:2.deviceType = "disk" scsi1:2.redo = "" scsi1:3.present = "TRUE" scsi1:3.mode = "independent-persistent" scsi1:3.fileName = "D:\vmware\sharedisk\Shared_Virtual_Disk_FRA.vmdk" scsi1:3.deviceType = "disk" scsi1:3.redo = "" scsi1:4.present = "TRUE" scsi1:4.mode = "independent-persistent" scsi1:4.fileName = "D:\vmware\sharedisk\Shared_Virtual_Disk_DATA.vmdk" scsi1:4.deviceType = "disk" scsi1:4.redo = ""
IP planning
|
|
hostname |
IP |
| Public Network |
srac1 |
92.0.2.101 |
| srac2 |
92.0.2.102 |
|
| Virtual IP (VIP) |
srac1 |
92.0.2.103 |
| srac2 |
92.0.2.104 |
|
| Private Interconnect |
srac1 |
192.168.0.101 |
| srac2 |
192.168.0.102 |
|
| SCAN IP |
srac1/srac2 |
92.0.2.105 |
hosts规划
##Public Network
92.0.2.101 srac1.example.com srac1
92.0.2.102 srac2.example.com srac2
##Public Virtual IP (VIP) addresses
92.0.2.103 srac1-vip.example.com srac1-vip
92.0.2.104 srac2-vip.example.com srac2-vip
##Private Interconnect
192.168.0.101 srac1-priv.example.com srac1-priv
192.168.0.102 srac2-priv.example.com srac2-priv
##SCAN IP
92.0.2.105 srac-scan.example.com srac-scan
Installation
1. Turn off the firewall, SELinux
# chkconfig iptables off # chkconfig ip6tables off # vi /etc/selinux/config # This file controls the state of SELinux on the system. # SELINUX= can take one of these three values: # enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced. # permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing. # disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded. SELINUX=disabled # SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values: # targeted - Targeted processes are protected, # mls - Multi Level Security protection. SELINUXTYPE=targeted 重启后生效
2. Check modify the hostname
# Hostname (see hostname) # vi / etc / sysconfig / Network (if hostname inappropriate modify the file) is recommended to set the appropriate host name when installing the operating system
3. Modify the / etc / hosts
Vi # / etc / hosts to add the following ## Public Network 92.0.2.101 srac1.example.com srac1 92.0.2.102 srac2.example.com srac2 ## Public Virtual IP (VIP) Addresses 92.0.2.103 srac1-vip.example.com VIP-srac1 92.0.2.104 srac2-vip.example.com srac2 VIP- ## Private Interconnect 192.168.0.101 srac1-priv.example.com srac1-PRIV 192.168.0.102 srac2-priv.example.com srac2-PRIV ## SCAN the IP 92.0.2.105 srac-scan.example.com srac-scan
4. Create users and groups
# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 501 oinstall # /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 502 dba # /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 503 oper # /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 504 asmadmin # /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 505 asmoper # /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 506 asmdba # /usr/sbin/useradd -u 501 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba,asmadmin,asmoper grid # /usr/sbin/useradd -u 502 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba oracle # passwd grid # passwd oracle
# id grid
# id oracle
5. Set the kernel parameters
VI # / etc / the sysctl.conf fs.aio - max = NR-1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.shmall = 4294967296 # kernel.shmmax / kernel.shmmni be large to small kernel.shmmax = 68719476736 # than memory_target, now configured to 64G kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 100 128 # 32000 (the PROCESSES + 10 (the PROCESSES + 10) * 10 + 128 128 the PROCESSES ) net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 NET = .core.rmem_max 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 # / sbin / sysctl - P Note: kernel.shmall= Kernel.shmmax / kernel.shmmni is a theoretical value, typically larger set point in accordance kernel.shmmax / . 8 can be set # VI /etc/security/limits.conf Grid the nproc Soft 2047 Grid Hard the nproc 16384 Grid 1024 is Soft nofile Hard nofile 65536 Grid the Oracle Soft nproc 2047 the Oracle 16384 Hard nproc the Oracle Soft nofile 1024 the Oracle Hard nofile 65536 # vi /etc/pam.d/ the Login the session required pam_limits.so # vi / etc / Profile IF [the USER $ = "the Oracle"] || [$ the USER = "Grid"]; the then IF [$ the SHELL = "/ bin / ksh"]; the then the ulimit -p 16384 the ulimit -n 65536 the else the ulimit -n -u 16384 65536 - fi the umask 022 - fi
6. Stop the NTP service
# / Sbin / Service ntpd STOP # ntpd Service Status # mv /etc/ntp.conf / etc / ntp.conf.bak after disabling NTP service is automatically enabled oracle comes with clock synchronization service grid components are installed.
7. Increase / dev / shm size
大小要超过memery_target # mount -o remount,size=4G /dev/shm # vi /etc/fstab tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=4G 0 0
8. Create a directory and modify permissions
# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle # mkdir -p /u01/app/grid # mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid # chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid # chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/11.2.0 # chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle # chmod -R 775 /u01 # mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory # chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory # chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oraInventory
9. modify environment variables
# su – grid $ vi .bash_profile export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1 export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/lib32 export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS" export NLS_LANG=American_america.ZHS16GBK export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH $ source .bash_profile
# su - oracle
$ vi .bash_profile
export ORACLE_SID=xdja1
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/lib32
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS"
AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK the NLS_LANG = Export
Export the PATH the PATH = $: $ ORACLE_HOME / bin
$ Source .bash_profile
Note: A portion of the red respectively corresponding to the srac2 + ASM2 and xdja2 node;
Oracle user name according to Example ORACLE_SID corresponding planning setting, for example, for planning named xdja, ORACLE_SID herein are set to xdja1 / xdja2
10. Installation dependencies
First configure the local source yum, yum installs all the dependencies using the soft package # yum - Y the install \ binutils \ compat - libcap1 \ compat -libstdc ++ - 33 is \ elfutils -libelf- devel \ GCC \ GCC -C ++ \ the glibc \ the glibc - devel \ ksh \ libgcc \ libstdc ++ \ libstdc ++ - devel \ libaio \ libaio - devel \ the make \ sysstat \ unixODBC \ unixODBC - devel \ libXp \ parted \ vim \ xorg-x11-utils \ xorg-x11-xauth \ unzip
11. Configure shared storage
View is denied a previously configured shared disk # LL / dev / SD * identify each shared disk WWID # scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device = / dev / sdb 36000c29cc2059bd2971fa2c85def1bb7 # scsi_id --whitelisted - --device-whitespace = Replace / dev / SDC 36000c29291defedaa634a5b6edcf005d # the scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device = / dev / SDD 36000c29b22662652d2aed62610921779 # the scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device = / dev / SDE 36000c297efa48942f5c92f20c5301103 the scsi_id # --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device = / dev / SDF 36000c295385cc5aec648a12c665d88e0 根据wwid对共享磁盘进行绑定 # vim /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="36000c29cc2059bd2971fa2c85def1bb7", NAME="asm-diskb", OWNER="grid",GROUP="oinstall", MODE="0660" KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="36000c29291defedaa634a5b6edcf005d", NAME="asm-diskc", OWNER="grid",GROUP="oinstall", MODE="0660" KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="36000c29b22662652d2aed62610921779", NAME="asm-diskd", OWNER="grid",GROUP="oinstall", MODE="0660" KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="36000c297efa48942f5c92f20c5301103", NAME="asm-diske", OWNER="grid",GROUP="oinstall", MODE="0660" KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="36000c295385cc5aec648a12c665d88e0", NAME="asm-diskf", OWNER="grid",GROUP="oinstall", MODE="0660" 重启udev，使配置生效 # start_udev
12. Install GI
Select the third item, skip update
Select the first item, the cluster deployment
Choose the second, advanced installation
The default selection can
Cluster name their own definition, SCAN Name according to / etc / hosts in the set, the default port 1521 plan, check off the box Configure GNS
2 configuration of nodes increases, according to add / etc / hosts in planning
Configuring SSH trust, enter the grid user's password, click on the Setup
Select the type of card, public and private networks to make it clear
Select the first item, ASM management
Enter the name of the disk group OCR, level of redundancy select Normal, select the disk asm-diskb / asm-diskc / asm-diskd
The second option, use the password, the password is defined according to the needs of their own
Click Yes to force password
Select the second item, do not use IPMI
Check the user groups, the general default is right
Check the Oracle Base and Software Location, and environment variables should be consistent, otherwise check the environment variables
Keep the default
2 Click Ignore error on the interface
Click Install to install
两个节点依次执行root脚本，一定要等第一个节点执行完成后，再在第二个节点上执行
点击OK忽略报错
点击Yes继续
安装完成，点击Close关闭安装界面
13. 创建ASM磁盘
创建磁盘组DATA，选择asm-diskf，冗余级别选择External
创建磁盘组FRA，选择asm-diske，冗余级别选择External
14. 安装database
勾选掉MOS的复选框
选择第三项，跳过升级
选择第二项，仅安装数据库软件
选择2个节点，输入oracle用户密码，点击Setup配置SSH互信
保持默认即可
现在第一项，企业版
检查Oracle Base和Software Location，应该与环境变量保持一致，否则检查环境变量
检查用户组设置，一般默认设置是对的
界面中的3个报错点击忽略即可
点击Yes继续
点击Install安装
依次在两节点执行root脚本
安装完成，点击Close关闭界面
15. dbca建库
选择RAC数据库
选择创建数据库
选择一般用途
输入实例名，要跟环境变量保持一致
选择配置EM
设置密码
选择ASM
Database Area 选择 +DATA
设置ASMSNMP的密码
为闪回区选择 +FRA
不创建示例
内存根据实际情况进行分配
设置连接数
设置字符集，一定要设置正确，无法修改
可以修改一些控制文件信息和Redo大小数量等，实验环境直接下一步即可
点击Finish开始创建数据库
