Wu Yuxiong - natural born MySQL study notes: MySQL Management

Start-up and shut down the MySQL server
Windows system
In Windows, open a command window (cmd), go to the bin directory of your MySQL installation directory.
start up:
C Cd: / Mysql / Bin
mysqld --console
shut down:
C Cd: / Mysql / Bin
mysqladmin -uroot shutdown

Linux system
First, we need to check whether the MySQL server is started by the following command:
ps -ef | grep mysqld
If MySql has been started, the output of the above command mysql process list, if mysql is not started, you can use the following command to start mysql server:
root@host# cd /usr/bin
./mysqld_safe &
If you want to shut down the MySQL server currently running, you can execute the following command:
root@host# cd /usr/bin
./mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown
Enter password: ******

MySQL user settings
If you need to add MySQL user, you only need to add a new user to the user table in the mysql database.
The following examples add a user, the user name guest, password guest123, and authorized users can SELECT, INSERT and UPDATE operating authority:
root@host# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:*******
mysql> use mysql;
Database changed
mysql> INSERT INTO user 
          (host, user, password, 
           select_priv, insert_priv, update_priv) 
           VALUES ('localhost', 'guest', 
           PASSWORD ( ' guest123 ' ), ' Y ' , ' Y ' , ' Y ' );
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> SELECT host, user, password FROM user WHERE user = 'guest';
+-----------+---------+------------------+
| host      | user    | password         |
+-----------+---------+------------------+
| localhost | guest | 6f8c114b58f2ce9e |

When you add a user, please note that use PASSWORD MySQL provided () function to encrypt the password. You can see in the above example the user password encryption as: 6f8c114b58f2ce9e.
Note: In MySQL5 7 in the user table password has been replaced authentication_string.
Note: password () function has been encrypted 8.0.11 removed, you can use the MD5 () function instead.
Note: Note that you need to perform FLUSH PRIVILEGES statement. This command will reload the grant tables after execution.
If you do not use this command, you will not be able to use the newly created user to connect to mysql server unless you restart the mysql server.
You can assign permissions to users in the corresponding column permissions, set in the insert statement when creating the user ' the Y- ' can, list of user rights as follows:
Select_priv
Insert_priv
Update_priv
Delete_priv
Create_priv
Drop_priv
Reload_priv
Shutdown_priv
Process_priv
File_priv
Grant_priv
References_priv
Index_priv
Alter_priv

Another way to add users through the SQL GRANT command, the following command will add a user specified database TUTORIALS zara, password zara123.
root@host# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:*******
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> GRANT SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,CREATE,DROP
    -> ON TUTORIALS.*
    -> TO 'zara'@'localhost'
    -> IDENTIFIED BY 'zara123';
The above command will be in the user table in the mysql database to create a record of user information.
Note: MySQL SQL statements with a semicolon (;) as the end identifier.

/ etc / my.cnf file configuration
In general, do not need to modify the configuration file, the default configuration file as follows:
[mysqld]
DATA = / var / lib / mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysql.server]
user=mysql
BASE = / var / lib

[safe_mysqld]
err-log=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

In the configuration file, you can specify a different directory error log file storage, you generally do not need to change these configurations.

MySQL Management Command
The following lists the command uses Mysql database procedure commonly used:
USE database name:
Select Mysql database to operate, use this command after all only Mysql command against the database.
mysql> use RUNOOB;
Database changed
SHOW DATABASES:
MySQL database lists a list of database management systems.
mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| RUNOOB |

SHOW TABLES:
All display the specified database table, before using this command to select the use command to operate the database.
mysql> use RUNOOB;
Database changed
mysql> SHOW TABLES;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_runoob |
+------------------+
| employee_tbl     |
| runoob_tbl       |

SHOW COLUMNS FROM data sheet:
Other display attribute information data table, attribute type, primary key information, whether it is NULL, the default values ​​and the like.
mysql> SHOW COLUMNS FROM runoob_tbl;
+-----------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field           | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-----------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| runoob_id       | int(11)      | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       |
| runoob_title    | varchar(255) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |

SHOW INDEX FROM data sheet:
Displays detailed data table index information, including PRIMARY KEY (primary key).
mysql> SHOW INDEX FROM runoob_tbl;
+------------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
| Table      | Non_unique | Key_name | Seq_in_index | Column_name | Collation | Cardinality | Sub_part | Packed | Null | Index_type | Comment | Index_comment |

SHOW TABLE STATUS LIKE [FROM db_name] [LIKE 'pattern'] \G:
The command output performance and statistical information Mysql database management systems.
MySQL > SHOW TABLE the STATUS the FROM RUNOOB;    # display database RUNOOB in all tables 

MySQL > SHOW TABLE the STATUS from RUNOOB the LIKE ' runoob% ' ;      # table name starts runoob table information 
MySQL> SHOW TABLE the STATUS from RUNOOB the LIKE ' runoob % ' \ G;    # plus \ G, printing results by columns