Multitenancy also known as multi-tenancy technology, is a software architecture technology, which is exploring how to share and implement the same system or program components in a multi-user environment, and still ensure isolation between each user data. In the era of cloud computing, multi-tenant technology in a shared data center infrastructure and services in a single system to provide most of the same client or even customized services, and still protect the customer's data isolation. Currently a wide range of cloud computing services is this kind of technology areas, such as Ali cloud database service (RDS), Ali cloud servers, and so on. There are three major multi-tenant solution in data storage, namely:
1. independent database
This is the first option, that is a tenant of a database, user data isolation highest level, the best security of the scheme, but the cost is high.
Advantages:
provide for different tenants independent database to help simplify the design of the extended data model to meet the unique needs of different tenants;
If a fault occurs, data recovery is relatively simple.
Disadvantages:
increase the number of database installation, the attendant maintenance costs and acquisition costs.
This solution is a traditional client, a set of data, the deployment of a similar, differing only unified software deployed in the operator there. When faced with
a very high level of data isolation tenants banks, hospitals, etc., you can choose this model to improve the rental pricing. If the price is low, the products
take the low road, this program is general operators can not afford.
2. shared database, data architecture isolation
This is the second program, which several or all tenants share the Database, but each tenant a Schema.
Pros:
to provide high security requirements tenants a certain degree of logical data isolation, is not completely isolated; each database can support more rent
number of users.
Disadvantages:
If a fault occurs, data recovery is more difficult, because the recovery database will involve data from other tenants;
some difficulties if you need cross-tenants statistics exist.
3. shared database, shared data architecture
This is the third embodiment, i.e., the tenants share the same Database, the same Schema, but to distinguish the data in the table by the tenant TenantID.
This is the highest degree of sharing, the lowest level of isolation mode.
Advantages:
three scenarios compared to the third lowest cost of ownership and maintenance program, up to the number of database support allows each tenant.
Disadvantages:
isolation level minimum, the lowest security, the need to increase the amount of development in the design and development of security;
data backup and recovery of the most difficult and requires the table one by one by backup and restore;
if you want the server to a minimum to a maximum of tenants to provide services and to accept tenants at the expense of isolation level in exchange for lower cost, this solution most
suited.