In general, the installation of SQL Server will automatically add rules to the firewall. If you did not add, it may cause a remote access is blocked, unable to connect to the database.
For a default instance, just in the inbound rule there, adding executable file server side. For instance the name of life, you will need SQL Server Browser also added to the rule, the method of increasing the added server-side rules similar.
The following official documentation from Microsoft:
Open access to SQL Server when using a dynamic port
1 on the "Start" menu, click "Run", type WF.msc, then click "OK."
2, in the "Advanced Security Windows Firewall" in the left pane, right-click the "Inbound Rules", then click "New Rule" in the action pane.
3. In the "Rule Type" box, select "Programs", then click "Next."
4, in the "Programs" dialog box, select "This program path." Click "Browse" and navigate through the firewall to access the instance of SQL Server, and then click "Open." By default, SQL Server is located in C: \ Program Files \ Microsoft SQL Server \ MSSQL13.MSSQLSERVER \ MSSQL \ Binn \ Sqlservr.exe. Click "Next."
5, in the "Operation" dialog box, select the "allow connection" click "next."
6, in the "Profile" dialog box, select the configuration file to describe any computer connected to the environment when you want to connect to the database engine, and then click "Next."
7, in the "Name" box, enter a name and description for this rule, and then click "Finish."