IP protocol features

Function IP protocol

IP protocol has the following functional parts:

(1) Addressing

This function will be discussed as a topic in the following section.

(2) routing

routing IP packets based on a single basis, generally to determine an IP packet arrives at the destination host subject to which the router. Routing may be determined by the source host, the router may be determined by the IP packet is routed.

In the IP protocol, routing relies on routing table. IP network hosts and routers have saved a routing table, routing table indicates the next router (or destination host) IP address. From the routing table and to the destination host address of the destination host path of two parts. Wherein, the path reaches the destination host is typically the address of the next router, but also the IP address of the destination host.

(3) segmentation and assembly of

the maximum length of the physical network frame transmitting IP packets in the actual process through which may be different, if required length IP packet, the need for IP packets through a short frame segment and sub-assembly .

The method of segmentation and assembly of IP protocol is assigned a unique identifier to each IP packet, and the header portion as well as the segment associated with the segment tag assembly and displacement. When the IP packet segment, each segment must include the original identifier. In order to improve efficiency, reduce the burden on the router, re-assembly work done by the destination host.