NA Journey eighth difficult: IPv6

IPv6

IPv6 (Internet Protocol Version 6) is a second generation standard network protocol, also known as IPng (IP next generation, the next generation IP protocol).
IPv6 IP address length is 128bit, are divided into 8 groups, 16bit each with four hexadecimal characters (0-9, AF) is represented, separated by a colon between the groups. Writing each set of leading "0" and consecutive "0" may double colon "::" instead, but a double colon address only once.
IPv6 address has two parts, a network prefix before 64bit, 64bit corresponds to the host ID v4 address

Configuring IPv6 Unicast Address

Enable global IPv6

[r1]ipv6
[r2]ipv6

Turn on IPv6 interfaces

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ipv6 enable
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ipv6 enable

An interface configured to automatically generate a link-local address

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ipv6 address auto link-local
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ipv6 address auto link-local

View address automatically generated

[r1]display ipv6 interface 
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 current state : UP 
IPv6 protocol current state : UP
IPv6 is enabled, link-local address is FE80::5689:98FF:FEF6:30A8

Manual static configuration global unicast address (configure a new address, old address will not be affected)

R1
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ipv6 enable
ipv6 address 2031:0:130F::1/64

R2
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ipv6 enable
ipv6 address

Test r1 and r2 global unicast address Unicom

Configure IPv6 addresses by way EUI-64

R1
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ipv6 address 2001:3:FD::/64 eui-64

R2
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ipv6 address 2002:3:DE::/64 eui-64

Check the configuration.

Pc1 configured gateway r1GE0 / 0/0 Interface

Pc1 and connectivity testing r1

IPv6 static and default routing

R1 is disposed in the object network pc2, the next hop is r2 GE0 / 0/1 interface global unicast address
ipv6 route-static 2002: 3: DE :: 64 2031: 0: 130F :: 2

In the destination network segment configured r2 pc1, the next hop is r1 GE0 / 0/1 interface global unicast address
ipv6 route-static 2001: 3: FD :: 64 2031: 0: 130F :: 1

Pc1 and pc2 connectivity test

RIPng Basic Configuration

RIPng（RIP next generation，下一代RIP协议）是IPv4中RIPv2协议在IPv6网络上的扩展，多数RIPv2的原理都可以适用于RIPng。RIPng协议同样基于距离矢量算法的路由协议，用跳数来衡量到达目的主机的距离，16跳以上，定义为不可达。

RIPng对原有RIP协议的修改

1. UDP端口号：使用UDP的521端口（RIP使用520端口）发送和接收路由信息
2. 组播地址：使用FF02::9作为链路本地范围内的RIPng路由器组播地址
3. 目的地址和下一跳地址：使用128bit的IPv6地址，并使用前缀长度来代替子网掩码

RIPng与RIP协议相同点
都支持水平分割、独行逆转和触发更新，用来防止环路。默认情况下，启用水平分割和触发更新，不启用毒性扭转。

创建rip路由进程1

ripng 1

进入接口配置RIPng

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ripng 1 enable

OSPFv3基础配置

OSPF针对IPv4协议使用的是OSPFv2，针对IPv6协议使用的是OSPFv3。
OSPFv3是基于链路运行的，同一链路上的两个节点不必具有相同的前缀也可以直接通信
OSPFv3的Router-ID，Area ID仍然保留类似IPv4地址长度的32bir的格式。实际上这些字段既不是IPv4地址，也不是IPv6地址，而只是一个编号。
OSPFv3，另据路由器总是以Router-ID作为标识的，所以DR和BDR也总是用其Router-ID来标识的。
OSPFv3不直接提供验证功能，依赖IPv6提供的IP AH和IP ESP协议进行验证。

配置Router-ID

router-id 1.1.1.1

在接口下配置区域

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ospfv3 1 area 0

View neighbor relations

display ospfv3 peer

Learning books: "HCNA Network Technology Laboratory Manual"