Abstract
Due to recent embedded course of the experiment, the teacher handed each student a piece of raspberry pie 3b. Since the play is relatively small, and now the Internet of Things (IoT) fast development, so as to explore a choice of OS experience with the text.
This is on top of the goods, have to say is still very small size of the development board. A cable interface, four USB2.0, a standard HDMI, a 3.5mm headphone jack, a TF card slot (at the bottom edge), now seem standard was even a bit outdated configuration is still improvise.
The next step is to burn OS. Under Linux this job very simple, using dd on the line. Let's plug in TF card, lsblk look.
Showed / dev / sdc, everything is normal. We can use
the sudo dd IF = image name .img of = / dev / sdc1 bs = 4M status = progress conv = fsync
The designated burn images to TF card. If you are using windows, you can burn directly with rufus this gadget.
Next is to choose the OS. There are many Raspberry Pi for the development of IoT version of OS, different characteristics, different OS experience is also bad days to do, need to be selected for use scenarios.
Raspbian
Download: https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/raspbian/
Official Raspberry Pi out of debian-based OS, the latest version is debian 10 (buster), general selection Raspbian Buster with desktop enough to use, does not need with recommend software.
Means good results as shown below:
XFCE Desktop feeling very, very simple, response speed is acceptable. Occasional mouse icon refresh rate is not causing the problem dropped frames, it can also be accepted. After another source to make trouble configuration can be easily used. If you want a personal PC, on a net write simple code what it can be.
Ubuntu Mate
Download: https://ubuntu-mate.org/download/
Select Raspberry Pi → 18.04.2 (Bionic).
Means good results as shown below:
At first glance no difference with the traditional ubuntu, but soon realize that there is a serious problem: very slow, in addition to operating a mouse movement, keyboard interactions that evoke interrupt other operations are very card. Personal guess bottleneck of performance or in the TF card IO. Soon I did not use any longer.
Ubuntu Core
Download: https://ubuntu.com/download/raspberry-pi-2-3-core
Ubuntu Server
Download: https://ubuntu.com/download/raspberry-pi
The above can be said with no difference, but not the desktop it (very good). If you want to install the desktop, then recommend XFCE, low memory usage and performance is good.
sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop
Figure not posted.
Archlinux Arm
Download: https: //mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/archlinuxarm/os/ArchLinuxARM-rpi-3-latest.tar.gz
Archlinux is my personal favorite linux distro, just made to fit a lot of arm development board, of course, to try.
First, download the installation package. Because archlinuxarm burn archlinux different way, not directly dd, we need to insert TF card in the process of downloading and partitions.
sudo fdisk /dev/sdc
Delete all partitions and create two primary partitions, a size of 100M, the other uses the remaining space. Then cd to mirror the download directory.
sudo mkfs.vfat /dev/sdc1 mkdir boot sudo mount /dev/sdc1 boot sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc2 mkdir root sudo mount /dev/sdc2 root
等待镜像下载完成后。
sudo bsdtar -xpf ArchLinuxARM-rpi-3-latest.tar.gz -C root sync mv root/boot/* boot sudo umount boot root
此时就可以拔出TF卡并启动系统了。boot成功后进行如下操作：
su # 密码为root pacman-key --init pacman-key --populate archlinuxarm sudo nano /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist # 添加科大源 Server = https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archlinuxarm/$arch/$repo # 保存 pacman -Syu
等待系统更新完成即可。
Windows 10 for IoT
此系统需要在windows下操作。
下载地址：https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/iot-core/downloads
直接下载Windows 10 IoT Core Dashboard即可，操作非常傻瓜。好像现在微软很喜欢把工具傻瓜化，对于windows用户来说十分方便。也可以在网页下方直接下载ISO，再利用visual studio来安装。
