Linux system maintenance and installation of architectural design -VMWare WorkStation CentOS7.7
3.1 Linux system operation and maintenance Environment Overview
CentOS systems typically running on the server, and if you want to use on a personal computer CentOS, only need to prepare a system image, domestic users can go to download Ali cloud mirror station, the latest version of CentOS7 series CentOS7.7, of course now there CentOS8, but VMWare WorkStation15.5 does not support CentOS8 so choose CentOS7.7. And CentOS7 series relative to CentOS8 series more mature, stable, is the mainstream version of CentOS.
If the personal computer is a Windows can use VMWare WorkStation to install CentOS7.7, if the personal computer is a Mac, you can choose to install Parallels Desktop CentOS7.6.
Why WMWare WorkStation or Parallels Desktop to install CentOS instead of directly installed on a personal computer it? There are two reasons, first, CentOS mainly for server operating systems, does not apply to personal office, there is by using the Parallels Desktop or VMWare WorkStation use CentOS, and direct installation of almost no difference on a personal computer. Even if the virtual machine goes down, it will not affect the host to use (Windows10 or is macOS10.15.1) of.
In summary, this installation demonstrates the environment.
| software | version |
|---|---|
| Windows10 | Windows10 1903 |
| VMWare WorkStation | VMWare WorkStation 15.5. |
| CentOS | CentOS7.7 |
3.2 Create a virtual machine using VMWare WorkStation
If you downloaded and installed the vmware VMWare WorkStation from the official website, you can now start creating virtual machines, this process is like going to buy a computer Jingdong process.
1. Start VMWare WorkStation
2. Create a virtual machine
3. Select type Typical Configuration
4. Select CentOS7.7 mirror path
also check later to install the operating system, because we want to personalize custom hardware
5. Select a guest operating system
6. Set the virtual machine name and the installation path
7. Set the disk capacity
and virtual disk storage as a single file
8. Custom hardware
default of a CPU, memory 1G, where you can do customization according to the configuration of the physical machine
CPU core 6 is set to two
memory to 8G
using ISO image file CD / DVD (IDE), points to the directory where the image CentOS7.7
network adapter bridge mode
to remove the printer
Hardware configuration with the related physical machine
Here to buy a computer from Jingdong process is complete. Bought the equivalent of a 2 CPU, single 6-core, memory, 8G, 200G disk of the computer, while already set the path CentOS7.7.
3.3 VMWare WorkStation mounted CentOS7.7
1. Turn on the virtual machine 2.Install CentOS7 mouse click on the virtual machine window, and then select Install CentOS7 up and down keys of the keyboard, and then press Enter, wait a moment, the system will start the installation 3. Select the installation language 4. set the time zone set here in Asia / Shanghai, if the wrong time, you can click the up and down arrows to change the time
5. SOFTWARE SELECTION selected software installation packages
selected by default to minimize installation production environment selected to minimize the installation, taking into account here for beginners, so select Server With GUI, and the mounting Development Tools.
6.自定义分区 INSTALLATION DESTIATION
默认是自定义分区
这里选择自定义分区
点击左上角的Done，然后选择标准分区
然后创建挂载点
点击左下角的加号即可创建挂载点
首先创建根分区，对应的挂载点是系统路径/，分区的磁盘容量是50GB
然后再创建boot分区，对应的挂载点是系统路径/boot,boot分区的磁盘容量是500MB
然后再创建data分区，对应的挂载点是系统路径/data,data分区的磁盘容量是30GB
最后创建swap分区，swap分区的容量是4GB
分区配置一览
手动分区配置完成以后点击Done
然后同意更改即可
7.配置网络
开启网络并且设置主机名为ittimeline.net
配置网卡
IPv4选择自动配置
8.禁用KDUMP
KDUMP会记录内核崩溃的信息，给RedHat厂方的人提供排查问题的依据。
只有RHEL才会提供该服务
禁用KDUMP
9 开始安装
10.设置root用户密码
CentOS安装完成后重启系统
3.4 CentOS7.7首次启动
1.安装配置
选择内核版本
创建普通用户
完成安装配置
2.登陆系统
点击之前创建的普通用户guanglei
输入设置的密码登陆系统
3.设置系统语言
4.设置键盘
5.设置隐私策略
6. Log online account
if you want to log in to Google or Microsoft could enter the account information to directly select Skip to ignore me here in the upper right corner
Everything is ready to start using CentOS
system interface
Right-click Open Terminal to open a terminal and enter the cat /etc/redhat-relasecommand to view system version
3.5 VMWare WorkStation Snapshot
Snapshots can state storage systems, systems that are experiencing crashes, you can use the snapshot function to return a specified state.
First, take a snapshot set snapshot information
If the system fails to use, you can use the snapshot to restore CentOS7.7 initial installation, and do not have to repeat the installation system, which saves a lot of time.
3.6 VMWare WorkStation clone
In high concurrency scenarios, servers are generally clustered deployment, if you want to simulate a cluster of servers on a personal computer, you can use on VMWare WorkStation cloning features they offer, realize quickly create virtual machines.
First, the current virtual machine must be in order to carry out cloning operation in the closed state, and then select the virtual machine CentOS7.7, select Manage -> Clone.
Clone Virtual Machine wizard
Clones were selected source
Clones type disposed clone_vm_name path and wait cloning
Cloning is complete
At this time we have created two virtual machines.
