General : Sequence structure, must wait for the completion of the previous operation (two people talking, a all the words finished, b can be continued)
Concurrency : the same time the ability to handle multiple tasks (two words, support you made me a language exchange, they have to speak in a period of time, is based on the simultaneous time period)
There are concurrent synchronization and mutual exclusion
Mutually exclusive : You can not use critical resources (there is a shared resource - the microphone, it must speak with a microphone, but only one person can use the microphone to ensure that only one person speaking)
Sync: Results of a process as a resource to the next process. In most cases, synchronization has been achieved mutually exclusive. (They exchange you made me a language, I must say what I know you can connect your words)
Parallel : the same time the ability to handle multiple tasks (both chorus, while loud)
Asynchronous : do not wait for a result came out, you can continue other operations (two people do not speak up, send a letter, a letter to get the post office do not have control, home can think of town, etc. b reply to, and take the post office receiving at the results --b reply on it)
Multithreading : If synchronous and asynchronous is a matter of how to deal with the requirements , then the multi-threading is required to achieve these methods .