Because these two days in the Linux test, first ruined linux system, and then reinstall the Linux system ruining the boot. After the procedure to fix the boot in, ruining the Win8 system of the machine, repair and reinstall the Linux boot again, Linux can be visited, after reinstalling Windows system or not, it is also part of the guide or not. From my experience it can reflect the use of Linux as an everyday system has great risk, because his authority is very high and is likely to depend on certain software modifications depend on the local library interface, very easy to make the revised interface no response, we It must be used with caution.
When we installed the system at the time, certainly the first thing is to first enter the computer's BIOS setup interface, then the BIOS in the end is what is it?
BIOS is the Basic Input Output System abbreviation, it means a basic input output system, a system is interposed between the hardware and the operating system, a software nature, are integrated on the motherboard. Intel later upgraded BIOS specifications, BIOS, to upgrade to UEFI BIOS. New computers generally use for UEFI BIOS, and can be configured to select, selected to traditional BIOS, also known as legacy.
When using the UEFI BIOS, UEFI need to visit the EFI partition, look for the operating system boot files.
In there is a Secure Boot option when installed, this option is for security in itself, but was evolved to prevent Microsoft Windows pre-installed as a tool to change the system to other systems, so this option is recommended closed.
In my own access to the Linux system use, use fdisk -l to see the hard disk partition:
root@tao-PC:/boot# fdisk -l /dev/sda
Disk /dev/sda: 465.8 GiB, 500107862016 bytes, 976773168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 7FB53ABC-61C6-43F7-B32D-2EC645A394CA
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1 2048 2050047 2048000 1000M BIOS boot
/dev/sda2 2050048 2582527 532480 260M EFI System
/dev/sda3 2582528 2844671 262144 128M Microsoft reserved
/dev/sda4 2844672 317433855 314589184 150G Microsoft basic data
/dev/sda5 317435904 527149055 209713152 100G Microsoft basic data
/dev/sda6 527151104 736864255 209713152 100G Microsoft basic data
/dev/sda7 736866304 841721855 104855552 50G Microsoft basic data
/dev/sda8 841723904 946579455 104855552 50G Microsoft basic data
/dev/sda9 946581504 976773119 30191616 14.4G Windows recovery environment
Using parted command to view the current regional situation, the parted command input p
root@tao-PC:/boot# parted
GNU Parted 3.2
Using /dev/sda
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) p
Model: ATA ST500LM021-1KJ15 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 500GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1049kB 1050MB 1049MB hidden, bios_grub
2 1050MB 1322MB 273MB fat32 EFI system partition boot, esp
3 1322MB 1456MB 134MB Microsoft reserved partition msftres
4 1456MB 163GB 161GB ntfs Basic data partition msftdata
5 163GB 270GB 107GB ext4 Basic data partition msftdata
6 270GB 377GB 107GB ntfs Basic data partition msftdata
7 377GB 431GB 53.7GB ntfs Basic data partition msftdata
8 431GB 485GB 53.7GB ntfs Basic data partition msftdata
9 485GB 500GB 15.5GB ntfs hidden, diag
Of the type disklabel: gpt
Partition the Table: gpt both mean the partition table is gpt, gpt replace the traditional mbr, using gpt can support a larger hard drive than 2T, mbr to die. Therefore, under the current UEFI boot partition tables are in line with gpt
me another computer in the value of dos
The first partition / dev / sda1, type BIOS boot, Flags mark is hidden, bios_grub, in the traditional BIOS legacy, if the hard disk partition table using gpt, it is necessary to create such a BIOS BOOT partition
of the second partition / dev / sda2 , type EFI system, Flags tag is boot, esp, which is said earlier ESP partition, the file system is fat32, that is, in UEFI mode from the boot program partition calling system
/ dev / sda5 is I installed linux system partition, mount to the root directory, the file system is ext4
other partitions are partitions have bought a computer, and systems related to win
Use lsblk block device information lists displayed -f file system
@ PC-tao root: / # lsblk the Boot -f
NAME FStype LABEL UUID MOUNTPOINT
sda
├─sda1
├─sda2 vfat SYSTEM_DRV B467-E8A8
├─sda3
├─sda4 NTFS Windows8_OS 8A461C98461C875B / Media / tao / Windows8_OS
├─sda5 ext4 e297ae56- aac5-f26c1e5cad84-7c17-48ea /
├─sda6 NTFS entertainment 7C387F10387EC8A2 / media / tao / entertainment
├─sda7 ntfs office CC5A23C35A23A8E2 / media / tao / office
├─sda8 ntfs software 4E8CEF168CEEF6FD / media / tao / software
└─sda9 ntfs Lenovo_Recovery CE3C64723C64578B