http://blog.csdn.net/u010509774/article/details/50593231
A, rpm package installation steps:
1. Find the appropriate package, such as soft.version.rpm, a directory downloaded to the machine;
2, open a terminal, su - become root;
3, where the directory cd soft.version.rpm;
4, the input rpm -ivh soft.version.rpm
Details:
1. Installation:
I'm just a simple word, you can finish. Execution:
RPM RPM -ivh package name
more advanced, the following table:
RPM Parameter Description
-i install the software
-t test the installation, not really install
-p displays the installation progress
-f ignore any error
-U Upgrade Installation
-v kit is installed correctly detect
these parameters can be used simultaneously. More information can refer to the RPM command help.
2. Uninstall:
I also just a simple word, you can finish. Execution:
RPM Software name -e
Note, however, that the use of the name followed by software, rather than package names. For example, software-1.2.3-1.i386.rpm To install this package, should be performed:
RPM -ivh software-1.2.3-1.i386.rpm
when unloading, should be performed:
RPM -e Software.
In addition, Linux also provides like GnoRPM, kpackage and other graphical RPM tool, making the entire process will be easier.
Two, the deb package installation steps:
1. Find the appropriate package, such as soft.version.deb, a directory downloaded to the machine;
2, open a terminal, su - become root;
3, where the directory cd soft.version.deb;
4, the input dpkg -i soft.version.deb
Details:
This is a package manager Debian linux provided, it is very similar to RPM.
But because RPM appear much earlier, so the various versions of Linux are often seen.
The debian package manager dpkg only in Debina Linux appeared in other Linux distributions are generally not.
1. Install
dpkg -i deb package names
such as: dpkg -i Software-1.2.3-1.deb
2. Uninstall
dpkg -e software names
such as: dpkg -e software
3. Query: Query installed packages in the current system:
dpkg -l '* name * package'
Such as: dpkg -l '* software *'
Three, the tar.gz source code package installation:
1, to find the appropriate package, such as soft.tar.gz, a directory downloaded to the machine;
2, open a terminal, su - become root;
3, where the directory cd soft.tar.gz;
4, tar -xzvf soft.tar.gz // usually generates a soft directory
5、cd soft
6、./configure
7、make
8、make install
Details:
1. Installation:
entire installation process can be divided into the following steps:
1) obtaining application software: download, purchase method of obtaining the optical disc;
2) the decompressed file: Usually tar package, will do a compression, such as gzip, bz2 etc. , so you need to unpack. If gz is the most common format, you can perform: "tar -xvzf package names", you can unzip and unpack the complete work step. If not, the first with the decompression software, and then perform the "tar -xvf after extracting tar package" unpack;
3) read the INSTALL file that comes, README files;
4) the implementation of "./configure" command for the compiler to prepare ;
5) the implementation of "make" command compile software;
6) the implementation of "make install" to complete the installation;
7) the implementation of the temporary files generated when "make clean" to remove the installation.
Well, this it's done. We can run the application. But this time, some readers will ask, how do I enforce it? This is also a problem Linux features. In fact, in general, Linux application software executable files will be stored in / usr / local / bin directory! But this is not a "put-fits-all," the truth, the surest thing is to see the software INSTALL and README file, usually a note.
2. Uninstall:
Generally software developers with little regard to how to uninstall their software, but tar and only complete package of work, and did not provide a good method to uninstall.
It is not to say that will not be able to uninstall it! Is not in fact, there are two software can solve this problem, it is Kinstall and Kife, they are the tar package is installed, uninstall gold partner.
Four, tar.bz2 source code package installation:
1, to find the appropriate package, such as soft.tar.bz2, a directory downloaded to the machine;
2, open a terminal, su - become root;
3, where the directory cd soft.tar.bz2;
4, tar -xjvf soft.tar.bz2 // usually generates a soft directory
5、cd soft
6、./configure
7、make
8、make install
Five, APT attached :( install deb package)
1, open a terminal, su - become root;
2, apt-cache search soft Note: soft is the name you're looking for software or related information
3. If found 2 software soft.version, then install the software using apt-get install soft.version command
Note: As long as you can access, just use apt-cache search to find software using apt-get install software
details:
apt-get is debian, ubuntu distribution's package management tools, and in Red Hat's yum tools are very similar.
apt-get command generally requires root privileges to perform, it is generally followed by sudo cases sudo apt-get xxxx apt-get install packagename-- install a new software package (see below aptitude) command
apt-get remove packagename-- uninstall an installed packages (retention profile)
APT-GET --purge the Remove packagename-- uninstall an installed software package (delete the profile)
dpkg --force-All --purge PackageName - some software is difficult to uninstall, but also preventing other software applications, you can use this, but a little adventure.
apt-get autoremove-- as apt would have been loading or unloading of software already on the hard disk backup, so if you need space, you can make this command to delete the software you have deleted.
apt-get autoclean-- run this command on a regular basis to remove .deb files that have been uninstalled packages. In this way, you can release large amounts of disk space. If the demand is very urgent, you can use apt-get clean in order to free up more space. This command will have to install software packages .deb file be deleted.
apt-get clean-- This command will install the backup software also deleted, but this will not affect the use of the software.
apt-get upgrade-- update all installed packages
apt-get dist-upgrade-- system will be upgraded to the new version
apt-cache search string-- search string in the list of packages
apt-cache showpkg pkgs-- display package information.
apt-cache stats-- to see how many library software
apt-cache dumpavail-- print a list of available packages.
apt-cache show pkgs-- display package records, similar to dpkg -print-avail.
apt-cache pkgnames-- print a list of all packages package name
(required to run this command regularly to make sure your package list is up to date)
Simply put: dpkg deb can only be installed has been downloaded to the local machine package. apt-get online can download and install the deb package, to update the system,
and can automatically handle dependencies between packages and package, this is the dpkg tool not available.
Six, yum install rpm package installed :()
rpm is a linux package name, and ends with .rmp, the installation of the syntax is: rpm -ivh.
Install the rpm package has a big drawback is that the association file is too large, there is a fashion software to install many other packages, a lot of trouble.
So the Little Red Riding Hood developed for this purpose RedHat yum install method, he can solve this problem of relevance, it is convenient, as long as the two configuration files to install, the installation method is: yum -y install.
yum it is not in a package, but the software installation package
Simply put:. rpm can only be installed rpm packages have been downloaded to the local machine can be downloaded online and yum install rpm package, to update the system,
and can automatically handle package and dependence between package, this tool is not available rpm.
Seven, bin files are installed:
If you download the software name is soft.bin, under normal circumstances is an executable file, installation is as follows:
1, open a terminal, su - become root;
2、chmod +x soft.bin
3,. / Soft.bin // run this command to install the software
Eight, no need to install software:
With some software, such as lumaqq, does not require installation and can run directly comes after jre decompression. Hypothesis
Download is lumaqq.tar.gz, used as follows:
1, open a terminal, su - become root;
2, tar -xzvf lumaqq.tar.gz // This step will generate a directory called LumaQQ
3、cd LumaQQ
4, chmod + x lumaqq // set lumaqq the program file to run
5, then you can run lumaqq, the command can ./lumaqq, but each run to enter the full path or
Switch to the directory just generated LumaQQ
6, in order to ensure that no set path you can use, you can create a link lumaqq in the / bin directory,
Command ln -s lumaqq / bin / can, at any time thereafter opens a terminal can input lumaqq
Start the QQ chat software
7, lumaqq if you want to have a menu item, use the menu editing tools, such as Alacarte Menu
Editor, find the directory LumaQQ generated above in the lumaqq set a menu item can, of course, you
Also go directly to / usr / share / applications directory, according to which other * .desktop file format
Type generates a file to your desktop.
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software installation
---- Linux software installed at two different main form. The first installation file called filename.tar.gz. Another installation file called filename.i386.rpm. Software to first approach the issue mostly sent in the form of source code. The second way is directly in binary form issued. i386 means that this software is compiled Inter 386 of the instruction set.
---- For the first installation method is as follows:
---- First, copy the installation files to your directory. For example, if you log in as root on, the software will be copied to the / root directory.
#Cp filename.tar.gz ---- / root
---- Because the file is compressed and packaged, so, they should decompress. Command:
---- #tar xvzf filename.tar.gz
after ---- execute the command, the installation file path, decompress in the current directory. You can see the files unzipped with the ls command. File is usually generated after decompression, there is a file named "INSTALL" is. This file is a plain text file, a detailed account of the package installation method.
---- For most need to compile the software, install it in much the same way. Named executable configure script generated after performing decompression. It is a system used to check whether the information system is needed to build libraries, and the need for the repository meets compiled, etc. required for installation. In preparation for the subsequent compilation. Command:
---- # / the configure.
---- If the inspection process, find an error, configure will give tips, and stop checking. You can configure the system with the prompts. And then re-execute the program. After the check, the compiler generates a file MakeFile. At this point, you can begin to compile a. Different properties depending on the software compilation process and the size of the computer, the time spent is different. Command:
---- #make
after successfully compiled ----, type the following command to start the installation:
---- #make install
---- installed, you should remove temporary files and configuration process produced during compilation file generated. Type the following command:
#make Clean
#make distclean
This completes the software installation.
---- For the second, the installation method is much simpler.
---- the same way as the first, copy the installation file to your directory. Then use rpm to install the file. Command is as follows:
---- # Rpm--i filename.i386.rpm
---- RPM will automatically unpack the installation file, and install the software in the default directory. Information and registration software to install rpm database. Role of parameter i is rpm into the setup mode.
---- In addition, there are some commercial software for Linux platforms. In its installation file, there Setup installation program, the installation method, like the Windows platform. Such as: Corel WordPerfect.
Uninstall the software
uninstall software ---- it is mainly carried out using rpm. Uninstall the software must first know the name of the package registered in the system. Type the command:
---- # Rpm--q -a
---- you can query to all the packages currently installed on your system. Effect parameter q is to enter rpm query command mode. Parameter is a sub-parameter query mode, meaning all (ALL). Queried more information, people can use less screen display.
---- determine the name of the software you want to uninstall, you can begin to actually uninstall the software. Type the command:
---- # Rpm--e [Package Penalty for name]
---- to uninstall the software. E is the parameter contribution rpm into the unload mode. Software package called [package name] will be uninstalled. Since the system has mutual dependencies between the individual packages. If you are having a dependency can not be uninstalled, rpm will give tips and stop unloading. You can use the following command to ignore dependencies, just start unloading:
---- # Rpm--e [Package Penalty for name]-nodeps
unloading dependencies ---- ignored may result in a system other software can not be used . You can use
---- # Rpm--e [Package Penalty for name] -test
---- rpm once the unloading rehearsal, not really unloaded. This software allows you to check whether there is a dependent relationship. Is there an error during the uninstall process.