For many Linux beginners, at the beginning of the use of linux system you will feel a lot of discomfort. Here we organize themselves before they tell me when linux Seven Habits of entry for everyone. I believe that if you apply these seven habits, when you use Linux you will feel more secure, convenient, learned a lot of practical things, eventually you'll find that Linux is as pleasant.
First, do not log in as the root user
This is the first thing you should pay attention to and follow. Before we might have been accustomed to Windows, we always thought that privileges the higher the better, so we like to log in as the administrator account. But this may be an important cause of viral Windows often harassment and insecurity, and now many people are logged on with root user.
The greater the higher authority responsibility, you need to have administrator privileges to treat anything you do care, but the error is inevitable. I remember my first using Suse Linux, there are many things to manage but there is no graphical user interface, I do not know how to do, so I naively log off and log into the root of the graphical user interface. The root GUI default wallpaper is highlighted rows of mines. These symbols circling in my mind, I was very careful not finally nothing wrong.
Then there are those who log in as root danger?
You can imagine you are a swing in the absence of the protective net of the situation, will not feel afraid? This is the reason you log in as root is the same, you will inadvertently destroy your system.
You might accidentally run malicious software. Usually root user mode to start any program are given all the default permissions.
If your system has security vulnerabilities are not patched, you can be fully in control.
This is done using the Unix convention, unless you do not easily be run under the root user anything. If a program is not triggered by their own request root privileges, so you should be careful.
Usually, we do not have to root user login interface, here are a few tips:
Use "sudo" or "su" command and exit when you finish Management
If you do not know how to use the command line to complete these, you can use the "gksu" or "kdesu". For example, press Alt + F2 and play "gksu nautilus", and immediately at the end of the program when you are done
Second, sensible naming your files
Linux environment, you can name the file as you wish, but the following two points are not allowed: 1) "/" is the root directory dedicated; 2) Do not use invalid characters. Other are possible, but in order to avoid future trouble Here are a few experiences you can technically comply with:
Empirically, using only letters, digits, and hyphens (-) and underscore (_)
Avoid using the dollar sign ($), brackets and percent (%) and other special characters, these characters have special meaning to the shell, it may cause a conflict
Avoid spaces, the processing space containing the file would be foolish on the terminal. You can use the hyphen or underscore instead of spaces.
These have basically become my habit, and I do not consciously abide by these guidelines when using Windows and MAC.
Third, your home directory on a separate partition
Doing so will give you a lot of flexibility. The home directory on a separate partition, you can reinstall the system even upgrade your entire version without losing your data and personal settings. You can reset you need to retain home partition in the root directory. Now you can be free to classify you need without having to worry about data and personal settings, you can use them at any time.
If you happen to know only after you install this system, do not despair. You can complete step by step in accordance with Carthik a ubantu Blog called on the "Move / home to it's own partition" of the guide channel.
Fourth, a reasonable disaster management
Linux is relatively strong and stable, but any system would collapse. Before you CTRL-ALT-DEL, reboot, you should learn how to deal with accidents you encounter. You need to know how to easily restore your system without restarting. I personally think that this case is divided into several different levels, if the first step does not work, then please turn the next step:
I will "force close" program on my task bar, if there is a problem which program you can click "Force Close" icon and the program ends
If the previous step does not work, call the terminal, with "ps -A", write down the number of problems that the process of the program, ending it
Use "killall" command, such as "killall firefox-bin"
If the entire graphical interface are frozen, you already can not call station, press CTRL-ALT-F1, so you can go to another terminal, so you can use the program steps 2 and 3 to end the problem
Not enough, then you can restart your graphical interface using the CTRL-ALT-Backspace combination, but be aware that this will end GUI program you're running
Call CTRL-ALT-F1 then use CTRL + ALT + DEL This will not immediately restart your system, just restart in normal mode, so it is safe (assuming you want to restart and CTRL-ALT-F1 available).
If all else fails, do not have to remember to press the reset button to force, try to Raise a Skinny Elephant
Fifth, take the initiative to try
You may set design for a friend to give you current version and configuration is very satisfied with it for you. That's fine, but there may be better than this. Why not try under the flexibility and richness of the Linux and open source it? Do not be afraid to try different programs, graphics, and desktop management. Experiment until you find the most suitable for you. You may think so, you are now living in the best place in the world, but the world tour would not be any harm in? Perhaps maybe you can find a better place to live, if not, time your trip worth good taste, you, the people and their customs, way of thinking more understanding of other countries, eventually maybe you would like to try this on. You try anything new will increase your knowledge about a year's time you will have a good grasp of Linux and open source world.
I personally have tried at least 10 kinds of distribution, four kinds of desktop and five kinds of desktop management. My recent article "Etymology of A Distro" made me more interested in distribution, like Zenwalk, Foresight and Sabayon and so on. Friends, take the initiative to try, it's good for you.
Before you try, you can refer to the following:
Set up your most comfortable system because you need a moment to work the system. So you can try to follow the following points
You can use the virtual machine to complete. Mounting a Vmware or Virtualbox, use them to do the test
If you do not know how to use a virtual machine, you can set up a separate partition to try
The best you can set a good PC, and then as a test. So you can try arbitrary
Sixth, you are familiar with the command line
While I do not advocate you have to learn the command line, there are too many articles always stressed the importance of learning the command line. I assume you already know his importance and already know how to use it to deal with some simple administrative tasks. You can do the appropriate configuration in accordance with the instructions and manuals. But do not blindly copy and paste. That is to say, more than execute commands without thinking of many people have the freedom of nature exhort you to try a deep understanding of the meaning of each command line, what it can do. Why do so on the manual, rather than do that? Understand the basic principles of the steps you have done.
After some time you will feel that you have to very good use of it.
Finally, you will find that it is merely a disguised language. Each command may be just the first letter of some words, a word or abbreviation. You want your dog to understand "Spike fetch ball" so long sentences, why not try to understand under the "sudo mv / file1 / file2" it?
Seven, do to prepare for your arena
I have had many such experiences, when a friend asked me to do something on his computer, but because of his choice of operating system will be ashamed of. Sometimes I'm in a hurry but only have a very frustrated computer's operating system. You do not have pain, put on your portable linux system, whether it is stored in the U disk or CD. There are quite a linux version is very convenient, like Knoppix, DSL and Puppy Linux and so on.
Finally, share some reference material to facilitate post-study reference
linux foundation
http://www.makeru.com.cn/course/details/2058?s=45051
Quick programming shell scripts
http://www.makeru.com.cn/live/3485_1489.html?s=45051
Linux Network Classic Case