Learning python - module package (IX)

9.4 View module content

dir (): returns all of the program modules or unit class contains (including variables, functions, classes and methods)

__all__: variable module itself provides, the program will not show units begin with an underscore. Another use from xx import *, is not introduced into the program begins with an underscore unit

import logging, pprint 
pprint.pprint ( dir (logging)) 
[ ' BASIC_FORMAT ' ,
  ' BufferingFormatter ' ,
  ' Critical ' ,
  ' debug ' ,
  ' ERROR ' ,
  ' deadly ' ,
  ' FileHandler ' ,
  ' Filter ' ,
  ' Filterer ' ,
  ' Formatter ' ,
  ' Handler ' ,
 'INFO',
 'LogRecord',
 'Logger',
 'LoggerAdapter',
 'Manager',
 'NOTSET',
 'NullHandler',
 'PercentStyle',
 'PlaceHolder',
 'RootLogger',
 'StrFormatStyle',
 'StreamHandler',
 'StringTemplateStyle',
 'Template',
 'WARN',
 'WARNING',
 '_STYLES',
 '_StderrHandler',
 '__all__',
 '__author__',
 '__builtins__',
 '__cached__',
 '__date__',
 '__doc__',
 '__file__',
 '__loader__',
 '__name__',
 '__package__',
 '__path__',
 '__spec__',
 '__status__',
 '__version__',
 '_acquireLock',
 '_addHandlerRef',
 '_checkLevel',
 '_defaultFormatter',
 '_defaultLastResort',
 '_handlerList',
 '_handlers',
 '_levelToName',
 '_lock',
 '_logRecordFactory',
 '_loggerClass',
 '_nameToLevel',
 '_releaseLock',
 '_removeHandlerRef',
 '_showwarning',
 '_srcfile',
 '_startTime',
 '_warnings_showwarning',
 'addLevelName',
 'atexit',
 'basicConfig',
 'captureWarnings',
 'collections',
 'critical',
 'currentframe',
 'debug',
 'disable',
 'error',
 'exception',
 'fatal',
 'getLevelName',
 'getLogRecordFactory ' ,
  ' getLogger ' ,
  ' getLoggerClass ' ,
  ' info ' ,
  ' I ' ,
  ' LastResort ' ,
  ' log ' ,
  ' logMultiprocessing ' ,
  ' logProcesses ' ,
  ' logThreads ' ,
  ' makeLogRecord ' ,
  ' os ' ,
  'raiseExceptions',
 'root',
 'setLogRecordFactory',
 'setLoggerClass',
 'shutdown',
 'sys',
 'threading',
 'time',
 'traceback',
 'warn',
 'warning',
 'warnings',
 'weakref']
pprint.pprint(logging.__all__)
['BASIC_FORMAT',
 'BufferingFormatter',
 'CRITICAL',
 'DEBUG',
 'ERROR',
 'FATAL',
 'FileHandler',
 'Filter',
 'Formatter',
 'Handler',
 'INFO',
 'LogRecord',
 'Logger',
 'LoggerAdapter',
 'NOTSET',
 'NullHandler',
 'StreamHandler',
 'WARN',
 'WARNING',
 'addLevelName',
 'basicConfig',
 'captureWarnings',
 'critical',
 'debug',
 'disable',
 'error',
 'exception',
 'fatal',
 'getLevelName',
 'getLogger',
 'getLoggerClass',
 'info',
 'log',
 'makeLogRecord',
 'setLoggerClass',
 'shutdown',
 'warn',
 'warning',
 'getLogRecordFactory',
 ' SetLogRecordFactory ' ,
  ' LastResort ' ,
  ' raiseExceptions ' ]

dir () __ all__

Use __doc__ property to view the document. Another: Use help () function to see the property value is actually __doc__ program unit

import string
help(string.capwords)
Help on function capwords in module string:
capwords(s, sep=None)
    capwords(s [,sep]) -> string
    
    Split the argument into words using split, capitalize each
    word using capitalize, and join the capitalized words using
    join.  If the optional second argument sep is absent or None,
    runs of whitespace characters are replaced by a single space
    and leading and trailing whitespace are removed, otherwise
    sep is used to split and join the words.
print(string.capwords.__doc__)
capwords(s [,sep]) -> string
    Split the argument into words using split, capitalize each
    word using capitalize, and join the capitalized words using
    join.  If the optional second argument sep is absent or None,
    runs of whitespace characters are replaced by a single space
    and leading and trailing whitespace are removed, otherwise
    sep is used to split and join the words.

__doc__ and help ()

Use __file__ View the properties of the source module file path

import string
string.__file__
'E:\\soft\\Python\\Python36\\lib\\string.py'

__file__