optparse is a Python module that allows programmers to easily design simple, clear, easy-to-use, and standard-compliant Unix command routines, and generates usage and help information.
Parameter Description
- dest: a temporary variable used to save input, its value is accessed through the attributes of options, the stored content is the parameters input before dest, and multiple parameters are separated by commas
- type: Used to check whether the data type of the parameter passed in by the command line parameter meets the requirements, including string, int, float and other types
- help: used to generate help information
- default: The default value for dest, if the user does not assign a value to dest in the command line parameters, the default value will be used
function description
- parse = optparse.OptionParser(usage, version="%prog version explanation")
- parse.add_option(‘-a’, ‘–aaa’, dest=‘aaa’, help=‘aaa,aaa’)
- group1 = optparse.OptionGroup(parse, “fff”, ‘dddd’)
- group1.add_option(‘-s’, ‘–server’, dest=‘hhhh’, help=“dddd”)
- parse.add_option_group(group1)
- options, args = parse.parse_args()
- Friends who need the original code and want to learn Python can ↓ ↓ ↓
Click here~~ (Note: Su)
There are a lot of resources that can be prostituted for nothing, and I will update the little knowledge of Python from time to time! !
easy to use
from optparse import OptionParser
from optparse import OptionGroup
usage = 'Usage: %prog [options] arg1 arg2 ...'
parser = OptionParser(usage,version='%prog 1.0')
#通过OptionParser类创建parser实例,初始参数usage中的%prog等同于os.path.basename(sys.argv[0]),即
#你当前所运行的脚本的名字，version参数用来显示当前脚本的版本。
'''
添加参数，-f、--file是长短options，有一即可。
action用来表示将option后面的值如何处理，比如:
XXX.py -f test.txt
经过parser.parse_args()处理后,则将test.txt这个值存储进-f所代表的一个对象，即定义-f中的dest
即option.filename = 'test.txt'
action的常用选项还有store_true,store_false等，这两个通常在布尔值的选项中使用。
metavar仅在显示帮助中有用，如在显示帮助时会有：
-f FILE, --filename=FILE write output to FILE
-m MODE, --mode=MODE interaction mode: novice, intermediate, or expert
[default: intermediate]
如果-f这一项没有metavr参数，则在上面会显示为-f FILENAME --filename=FILENAME,即会显示dest的值
defalut是某一选项的默认值，当调用脚本时，参数没有指定值时，即采用default的默认值。
'''
parser.add_option('-f','--file',
action='store',dest='filename',
metavar='FILE',help='write output to FILE')
parser.add_option('-m','--mode',
default = 'intermediate',
help='interaction mode:novice,intermediate,or expert [default:%default]')
parser.add_option('-v','--verbose',
action='store_true',dest='verbose',default=True,
help='make lots of noise [default]')
parser.add_option('-q','--quiet',
action='store_false',dest='verbose',
help="be vewwy quiet (I'm hunting wabbits)")
group = OptionGroup(parser,'Dangerous Options',
'Caution: use these options at your own risk.'
'It is believed that some of them bite.')
#调用OptionGroup类，定制以组显示的option
group.add_option('-g',action='store_true',help='Group option.')
#添加option
parser.add_option_group(group)
#将刚定制的groupoption加入parser中
group = OptionGroup(parser,'Debug Options')
group.add_option('-d','--debug',action='store_true',
help='Print debug information.')
group.add_option('-s','--sql',action='store_true',
help='Print all SQL statements executed')
group.add_option('-e',action='store_true',help='Print every action done')
parser.add_option_group(group)
(options,args) = parser.parse_args()
#解析脚本输入的参数值，options是一个包含了option值的对象
#args是一个位置参数的列表
python.exe xxx.py --help shows the following results:
Usage: test_optparse.py [options] arg1 arg2 ...
Options:
--version show program's version number and exit
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-f FILE, --file=FILE write output to FILE
-m MODE, --mode=MODE interaction mode:novice,intermediate,or expert
[default:intermediate]
-v, --verbose make lots of noise [default]
-q, --quiet be vewwy quiet (I'm hunting wabbits)
Dangerous Options:
Caution: use these options at your own risk.It is believed that some
of them bite.
-g Group option.
Debug Options:
-d, --debug Print debug information.
-s, --sql Print all SQL statements executed
-e Print every action done
at last
Friends who need the original code and want to learn Python can ↓ ↓ ↓
Click here~~ (Note: Su)
There are a lot of resources that can be prostituted for nothing, and I will update the little knowledge of Python from time to time! !