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About Linx download area is carried out in accordance with bloggers operate in a manner to achieve the above installation, DVD version of the contents of the configuration of the virtual machine is more accurate, before image download mini version had problems, where the reader is advised if space is available, then the best Download DVD version. If you need to configure a static Ip, you can click https://blog.csdn.net/ecnu18918079120/article/details/78435645 .
There is also a company people tend to step on the pit, if you are within the network, then may occur: VMvare different hosts and virtual machines ping cases, this configuration is not a problem, the company network is blocking the ping information, but Xftp and Xshell can still connect on.
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This article is my learning linux from scratch learning experience, which includes the deployment of virtual environments to install linux system. Which if any mistakes, please readers pointed out positive, and I let the reader make progress together.
The first chapter deploy a virtual environment to install linux system and network configuration
a, linux Profile
First before learning linux system, I think we should first look at the origins and development of linux, linux will make us full of curiosity, the follow-up study would help.
(Moving bricks):
In the early 1970s, UNIX system is open source and free. But in 1979, AT & T announced plans for a commercial UNIX system, along with open-source software industry is transformed into a type of software copyright industry, the source code is treated as trade secrets, patents become products that people can no longer enjoy freedom Technological Achievements.
So in 1984, Richard Stallman in the face of such a closed environment creation software, launched the GNU open source program and developed a well-known GPL license agreement. In 1987, GNU plan was a major breakthrough -gcc compiler release, which allows programmers to write their own open source software based on the compiler. Following this, in October 1991, University of Helsinki, Finland, Linus Torvalds students to write an operating system called Linux's. The system code because of its high quality and based on open-source characteristics of the GNU GPL license agreement, quickly supported by the GNU Project and a large number of hacker programmers. Then Linux system will enter the stage of development in full swing.
In January 1994, Bob Young on the basis of the above Linux kernel, integrates a number of source code and software, has released Red Hat system and began selling technical services, which further promoted the popularity of Linux systems. After 1998, with continued hot GNU Linux open-source programs and systems to IBM and Intel, led by a number of IT giants began to vigorously promote the development of open source software. By the end of 2017, the Linux kernel has been developed to version 4.13, and there are hundreds of versions of the Linux system as many, but they still have to use Linus Torvalds to develop and maintain the Linux kernel. RedHat company has become the open source Linux system and industry leading companies.
· Two common linux system
We first need to distinguish between different Linux kernel and Linux distributions.
Linux kernel: linux kernel is an open source operating system, Linux Torvalds is responsible for maintenance, provide hardware abstraction layer, the core of the system hard disk and file system control program and multi-tasking capabilities.
linux distributions: linux distro based on linux kernel source code, will wrap up the Linux system kernel and peripheral utility (Utilities) software and documentation, and provide some system installation interface and system configuration, setting and management tools, constitutes a species distributions (distribution), the release version of Linux is actually the Linux kernel plus utilities periphery composed of a large package.
Common Linux distributions are the following:
① Red Hat Enterprise System (RedHatEnterpriseLinux, RHEL.)
Red Hat is the world's largest open source technology vendors, RHEL is within the world's most widely used Linux system. RHEL system with a strong performance and stability, and has a sound technical support on a global scale.
② Community Enterprise Operating System (Community Enterprise Operating System, CentOS)
By re-compile and publish RHEL system to Linux system users free use of a wide range of use of the crowd. The current Red Hat CentOS has been "incorporated."
③Fedora (fedora)
Released by Red Hat Desktop System kit (now limited to the desktop version). The user is free to experience the latest technology or tools, techniques or tools after maturity will be added to RHEL system, so Fedora RHEL system, also known as "experimental field."
④Debian
Stability, strong security, provide free basic support, we can well support a variety of hardware architectures, and provided nearly 100,000 different open source software, with a high degree of recognition and usage abroad.
⑤Ubuntu
It is derived from a Debian operating system, with strong compatibility of the new hardware. Ubuntu and Fedora are extremely good Linux desktop systems, but can also be used Ubuntu server space.
Third, install VMware Virtual Machine
VMware WorkStation virtual machine software is a desktop computer virtualization software, allowing users to run multiple different operating systems simultaneously on a single host.
Baidu network disk link: https: //pan.baidu.com/s/1XhfMgN6v-02UggcOOW2eog Password: 862w
Centos download link: https: //www.centos.org
Specific Centos mirror system download tutorial: https: //jingyan.baidu.com/article/1876c85279cedd890a13766c.html
VMware version keys: VF5XA-FNDDJ-085GZ-4NXZ9-N20E6 (If you fail at your own Baidu)
After the download is complete installation as shown:
Then the next step until the figure below click on the "License": Enter the above I give you the keys.
At this point, the installation of the virtual machine is over.
Fourth, install linux on a virtual machine
Open the virtual machine, click "Create a new virtual machine", as follows:
Note here that will import your downloaded Centos file and select "Install OS later", then select and click Next
This step is to give the virtual machine name, and select the storage location
Here briefly these three different ways of networking:
Bridge Mode: physical and virtual machines in a parallel state. In the same segment, the physical machine network environment changes, the virtual machine will be affected.
NAT mode: mutually independent virtual machines and physical machines is not affected
Only the host mode: virtual and physical machines direct communication
After the configuration is as follows:
At this point, all the configuration linux system needs all over, then you can open the virtual machine.
The first: installing the operating system
Second: integrity check mirroring
The third: troubleshooting
Selecting the first item, and then press ENTER installation interface, and then press ENTER complete the selected language, enter the following interface.
Basic keep the default, where "Software Selection" minimal installation, additional software can be installed on demand. Then click on "installation location", as follows:
Then select "I want to configure partitions" (custom partition), following a encrypt my data options, start-up and encryption need to enter a password to access the data set after setting encryption, too much trouble, it is recommended not to set partition.
Then click Finish to begin customizing settings partitions.
Then select standard partition partition scheme
Click the + sign, the first option / boot to start the associated directory enough 200M
The second selection / swap swap partition, corresponding to pagefile.sys under Windows, generally twice the memory size,
If the memory is greater than 4G, it is set to 8G can avoid wasting disk space
The third option / root, the whole portion of the remaining space to the root directory
Then click Finish, and then prompted to format, click to accept the changes, and then start the installation.
Set the root password:
Click Reboot after installation. After a successful installation interface will pop up as follows:
Fourth, learning linux
Next we started to really enter into the linux study.
1, configure the network
Many people do not know linux installed after the system what to do, see the text interface look ignorant force, with the windows graphical interface we usually contact are not the same ah! big head! The first step we need to connect to the network. If you log in at this time is that the average user, you need to root through the su command, because the root permissions than the average user.
After a successful handover, the front end of the command symbol #.
Second, enter ls / etc / sysconfig / (note that there are between ls and / etc spaces) network-scripts command, find ifcfg-ens33 this file, you may be a little different, but it should all begin with ifcfg, and are just generation soon. Figure:
Then, the input vi / etc / sysconfig / network-scripts / ifcfg-ens33 command (note the space between vi and / etc), the input of this command, the file open ifcfg-ens33 as:
If you are displaying the "ONBOOT = no", you can not access. The following first change it to "yes".
Use the arrow keys to move the cursor to the line ONBOOT = no, then press the letter "i", at this time the bottom of the screen will appear "INSERT" words, the operation can be modified, as shown below:
Press the "Esc" to exit the editing After editing, press ": wq" to save your edits. And then do service network restart command, wait for reboot network. Boot password input into the operating system, and then re-enter the terminal change the root account. Enter "ping www.baidu.com" appears as shown, i.e. connected to the network, end instruction press ctrl + c.
Next we install a "ifconfig" command, ifconfig command is used to configure and display network parameters Linux kernel network interface. Presentation as follows:
Command instructions: yum install net-tools
After executing the above instructions for installation, there will Complete the installation is complete! Executed "ifconfig" demo as follows:
Sixth, the graphical interface installation
When the installation is our top choice "minimum installation", so enter a linux command line interface, if we want to have windows graphical interface, you need to install their own. Presentation as follows:
First, check the software and the software we have installed is not installed.
Use the command: yum grouplist
First execute the command: yum groupinstall KDE Plasma Workspaces
Then execute: yum groupinstall GNOME Desktop
Finally, execute: yum groupinstall "X Window System"
Installation need some time please be patient, the installation is complete there will be Complete! Then execute "startx" command can be entered into the graphical interface, first entered will be slower Do not hurry, Eat Hot Tofu oh ~
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Original link: https: //blog.csdn.net/qq_39038465/article/details/81478847