New Concept English (two)

1. Imperatives
[A] grammar for expressing commands, requests, advice, warnings, and other acts prohibited sentence called imperative sentences, imperative
sentences are most often used expression command, because often referred imperatives. Imperative because the object (i.e. subject) is a second person, the
usual are omitted. Imperative verbs are present tense, end of the sentence is used to indicate the end of the period. Here is mainly
to tell you about the imperative of affirmative
① sentence: infinitive (not the subject)
[1] Stand up stand up sentences.
Examples [2] Be quiet, please. Please be quiet.
② Sometimes, in order to strengthen the tone, you can add do before the verb 
[Examples 1] Do sit down. Be sure to sit down.
Examples [2] Do study hard. Must study hard.
[Examples 3] Sit down. Sit down (not subject you)
③ represented by polite tone when imperative sentences, can be added please beginning of the sentence or sentence, but if added please end of the sentence,
and that before please must add a comma",".
Examples [1] Go this way, please. This way, please.
④ the imperative to call if there is language, be sure to use a comma "," separated, on the sentence or the sentence.
Examples [1] Li Ming, come here. Li Ming, come here. Come here, Li Ming. Over, Li Ming.
2. now
Grammar point A] showing the operation now (speaking of the moment) ongoing or occurs when the now. The so-called "positive
progress" means when it comes to the matter of this action is still ongoing.
[Configuration] When the subject now + be + v.ing] [participle form
First person singular I + am + V- ing. 
The first person plural We + are + V-ing. 
Second person singular (complex) Number You + are + V-ing 
the third person singular He (She, it) + is  + V-ing
the third person plural They + are + V -ing 
affirmative: subject + be (is / am / are ) + participle
negative sentences: subject + be (is / am / are ) + not + present participle
[verb] change the rules
1. direct + ing (example: sleep + ing Sleeping) 
2. removing unvoiced e + ing (Example: E + ING Bite-biting) 
3. stressed closed syllables, consonants plus consonant vowel plus word end, coupled to double the last letter ING (Example:
Swim + m + ING = Swimming) 
4. in rereading ending ie closed syllable, becomes ie to y + ing (Example: die-dying lie-lying)
5 ending in c and c read as / k /, at the end plus k plus ing, (example: picnic-picnicking)
[basic usage at now]
[Examples 1] we are waiting for you we are waiting for you.
Examples [2] Mr. Green is writing another novel. Mr. Green is writing another novel.
[3] sentence I am learning Japanese. I was studying Japanese.
Examples [4] They are playing basketball now. They are playing basketball on the playground.
3. General future
{} grammar parsing operation generally represents a certain time or a future state, or in the future when the certain period of time is often in the future
action or state. And often indicate future time adverbial conjunction. Such as: tomorrow (tomorrow), the Next Week
(next week), from now on (from now on); in the future (the future) and so on. By the aid future tense
, Will (second, third person) of shall infinitive verb constituting the (first person). American English regardless of what
person, all with will.
[Common Configuration]
①will / shall + infinitive negative sentence added after the will / shall not add
this simple method generally represent the state at some future time the action is going to happen or exist. for a variety of people will
say; shall only be used the first-person. 
Examples [1] I will / shall go to visit him next week. Next week I will visit him.
Examples [2] What time shall we go there tomorrow? What time do we get there tomorrow? 
②be infinitive going to
be going to the equivalent of a verb (which be there in person and number of changes), and behind it the infinitive together
constitute predicate. It will soon be used to indicate the action to take place or the existence of the state, as well as planning, scheduling, intend to do
something.
Examples [1] There is going to be a football match  this afternoon.
This afternoon there will be a football match.
Examples [2] I'm going to go to the park . I will be going to the park.
[Common use]
① general indicate action or situation that will occur when the future.
Examples [1] I will (shall) arrive tomorrow. I'll have to. (The subject is best to use the first person shall,
otherwise sometimes less points)
[2] Examples Will you be free tonight? Are you free tonight?
Examples [3] We will not (shall not) be busy this evening. We not busy tonight.
② sentence when future in general, sometimes indicate future time adverbial, adverbial sometimes do not have time, this time from
the mean to determine whether the action or refer to future situations.
Examples [1] Will she come? She (would) come to you?
③ in the questions in the first person I or we as subject, in general, the use of auxiliary verbs shall, at this time or seek other
opinions, or ask a situation.
[1] Examples Where shall we meet? Where did we meet?
[2] Examples Shall we have any classes tomorrow? Tomorrow we have class?
In this type of question in recent years, there are many people with the will, particularly in the United States.
Examples [1] How will I get there? How do I go?
④be going to + infinitive
Express plans, intentions, ready to do.
Examples [1] We are going to put up a building here. We intend to build a tower.
Examples [2] How are you going to spend your holidays ? Holidays What will you do?
⑤ indicate something imminent or certain to occur.
Examples [1] I think it is going to snow. I want to see snow.
4. countable and uncountable noun.
Grammar point A] English nouns can be divided into countable and uncountable nouns. Where the term called the number of counts can be
countable; not all counts term called uncountable noun. 
Countable noun
[A] grammar countable nouns into singular and plural forms. Before a countable noun can use the indefinite article, the number of
words or some, many modifications and so on. Such as: A man, A Desk, AN Apple, Orange AN, some Books,
some Children, TWO Pens like. 
Examples [1] Little children are fond of stories. Children love to hear stories.
[2] sentences Movie stars are usually popular with young people . Young stars are often subject to
people's welcome.
Before its singular forms commonly indefinite article a / an, when its singular forms as subject in the sentence, the sentence that the
language is also applied singular form.
Examples [1] There is an orange on the table. There are only oranges on the table. 
[Examples 2] A university is a higher educational institution. Education University machine
mechanism.
Countable noun countable noun, commonly abbreviated as cn. 
Uncountable
Grammar point A] uncountable noun, no plural form, such as in front can not use the indefinite article, numerals or many words
modified language, but you can use some a little much and other words to describe. Sometimes the phrase with some quantifiers,
these quantifier phrase is countable nouns generally, there is a singular form, can have plural forms.
Such as: some Water, A Little Milk, Food much, A piece ... of Bread, TWO Bottles of Ink, 
some of Glasses Water like.
[Common] uncountable nouns
most common uncountable nouns: Baggage, Chang, Furniture's, Hair, Homework, Information, 
Knowledge, Luggage, Money, News, Progress, traffic, Beef, Mutton, Broccoli. 
Other uncountable noun also there are: Absence, Age, the Anger, Courage, Energy, Equipment's, preference Experience, 
failure, Fear, Food, Fun, Health, ICE, Industry, Kindness, Labor, Luck, 
Marriage, Music, Nature, Paper, Peace, Pleasure, Power, Pride, Rain, Research, 
Respect, Safety, Salt, Sand, Silence, SLEEP, strength, Snow, Technology, Time, 
TRADE, Transport, Travel, Trust, Truth, Waste, Water, Wealth, weather Weather, Wind, 
Work. 
5.There sentence be general questions
before [grammar] there be parsed sentence general question is to be placed there, answering with a yes
or no, behind a simple connect language.
Examples [1]
Is there a cake on the table? Is there a cake on the table?
Yes, there is. / No, there is not. Yes, there is. / No, no.
Examples [2]
Will there be a party tonight? Tonight there is a party?
Yes, there will./ No, there will not. Yes, there is. / No, no.
6. modal verbs can 
Grammar point A] is a modal verb itself has a certain meaning, express the speaker of the act or state of things
degree and a view that it could, or should, etc. necessary. Behind Modal verb infinitive.
[Basic usage]
① representation capability (such as physical and mental aspects), meaning "energy;" and other.
Examples [1] Can you speak English? Do you speak English? 
Examples [2] Can you play the piano? Can you play the piano? 
② represents requested or permitted, is used in the spoken language, it means "can; can" and the like. Used in questions to the request of
negative sentences is not allowed. 
[1] sentences Can I help you? Can I help you?
Examples [2] You can 't play basketball. You can not play basketball. 
③Can you ...? "Please ...... okay?" Indicates that the speaker's request; Can I ...? "...... I can do?"
To seek their own whether to allow each other to do something. As at the end of the sentence add the word please it is more polite.
Examples [1] Can you help me, please? Please help me please? 
④ represent possible. 
Examples [1] He can be at home now. He is now possible at home. 
Examples [2] The moon can not always be full. The moon can not always round. 
⑤ skeptical. In expressing this intention, it can only be used for general questions, the emotionally charged.
[Examples 1] Can it be true? That would be true?
[] Sentence change
① at varying negative sentences, directly after adding CAN "not", abbreviated can 't, or can not.
[Example 1] He can swim. → He can '  t swim.
[Example 2] Emma can see the pen on the desk  . → Emma can not see the pen on the desk.
② When changing general questions, move directly to the subject before the (first letter lowercase Subject original, first-person strain of
and second person) can be.
[Example 1] I can see an orange on the table  → Can you see an orange on the table.?
Their answer available, etc. Yes, OK, or Certainly answered affirmatively; etc. No use or Sorry answered negatively.
[Example 2]
-Can you look after my books, please ? Can you look after my book? 
-OK. Possible. 
He answered with Certainly. At this point more positive tone. For example: 
[Example 3]
-Can I see your guitar Can I see your guitar right?? 
-Certainly. Of course.