Introduction penstack openstack Introduction (1)

 

A cloud computing Past and Present

All new things are not out of nowhere, there is this life and past lives. Cloud computing is a product of IT technologies as they evolve. To understand cloud computing, we need to be aware of the development of the IT system architecture. See the next

Development of IT system architecture so far can be divided into three stages:
    1, on a physical machine architecture this stage, deploy and run applications on a physical machine. For example, on a business to ERP system, if small, you can find three physical machines are deployed Web servers, application servers and database servers. If a larger scale, a variety of server cluster architecture can be used, but each cluster member still deployed directly on a physical machine. I've seen early customers are of this architecture, a set of application server, usually very low system resource usage, up to 20% are good.

    2, virtualization architecture determines the physical server computing power is growing, the development of virtualization technology greatly improves the physical server resource utilization. This phase, to run several virtual machines on physical machines, applications deployed directly to a virtual machine. The benefits of virtualization is also reflected in reducing the number of physical machines to manage, while saving maintenance costs.

    3, cloud computing infrastructure virtualization improved resource utilization single physical machine, with the application virtualization technology, IT environment, there are a growing number of virtual machines, then new demand arises: how IT environment virtual machine unified and efficient management. There is a demand supply, cloud computing boarded the stage of history.

Two, OpenStack Profile

1. What is cloud computing: Cloud computing is a pay-per-use model, this model offers available, convenient, on-demand network access to computing resources via the Internet into the shared pool of configurable (including network resources, computing, storage, applications, services)

2, several levels of cloud computing services included:
  • SaaS (Software AS A Service): software as a service, the online software as a service. ?

  • Paas (Platform as a Service): Platform as a Service, the platform as a service.

  ? • Iaas (Infrastructure as a Service): infrastructure as a service, the hardware as a service.

3, OpenStack: by Rackspace and NASA to develop cloud computing platform, is an open source IaaS (infrastructure and services) cloud computing platform, so anyone can own to build and deliver cloud computing services, semi-annual, with Python language

4, Opens tack history

5, OpenStack community links

Community: www.openstack.org, wiki.openstack.org
mailing list:? Http: //wiki.openstack.org/MailingLists#General_List http:? //Wiki.openstack.org/MailingLists#Development_List http:? // wiki .openstack.org / mailingLists # Operators
how to contribute code: http://wiki.openstack.org/HowToContribute
source code management: http: //wiki.openstack.org/GerritWorkflow
document: http: //docs.openstack.org

Three, openstack architecture and advantages

OpenStack provides a flexible and scalable private cloud and public cloud computing services, such services must be simple cloud deployment and scalability.

1, loosely coupled modules?

2, component configuration is more flexible?

3, secondary development easier

Four, openstack constituent components

OpenStack共享服务组件:
  数据库服务( Database Service ):MairaDB 及 MongoDB 
  消息传输(Message Queues):RabbitMQ
  缓存(cache): Memcached 时间(time sync):NTP
  存储(storge provider):ceph、GFS、LVM、ISICI等
  高可用及负载均衡:pacemaker、HAproxy、keepalive、lvs等

OpenStack核心组件:
  身份服务( Identity Service ):Keystone
  计算( Compute ): Nova
  镜像服务( Image Service ): Glance 
  网络 & 地址管理( Network ): Neutron
  对象存储( Object Storage ): Swift
  块存储 (Block Storage) : Cinder 
  UI 界面 (Dashboard) : Horizon
  测量 (Metering) : Ceilometer
  部署编排 (Orchestration) : Heat




 

 

 

一、云计算的前世今生

所有的新事物都不是突然冒出来的,都有前世和今生。云计算也是IT技术不断发展的产物。 要理解云计算,需要对IT系统架构的发展过程有所认识。 请看下

IT系统架构的发展到目前为止大致可以分为3个阶段:
    1、 物理机架构 这一阶段,应用部署和运行在物理机上。 比如企业要上一个ERP系统,如果规模不大,可以找3台物理机,分别部署Web服务器、应用服务器和数据库服务器。 如果规模大一点,各种服务器可以采用集群架构,但每个集群成员也还是直接部署在物理机上。 我见过的客户早期都是这种架构,一套应用一套服务器,通常系统的资源使用率都很低,达到20%的都是好的。

    2、虚拟化架构 决定了物理服务器的计算能力越来越强,虚拟化技术的发展大大提高了物理服务器的资源使用率。 这个阶段,物理机上运行若干虚拟机,应用系统直接部署到虚拟机上。 虚拟化的好处还体现在减少了需要管理的物理机数量,同时节省了维护成本。

    3、云计算架构 虚拟化提高了单台物理机的资源使用率,随着虚拟化技术的应用,IT环境中有越来越多的虚拟机,这时新的需求产生了: 如何对IT环境中的虚拟机进行统一和高效的管理。 有需求就有供给,云计算登上了历史舞台。

二、OpenStack 简介

1、什么是云计算:云计算是一种按使用量付费的模式,这种模式提供可用的、便捷的、按需的网络访问, 通过互联网进入可配置的计算资源共享池(资源包括网络,计算,存储,应用软件,服务)

2、云计算所包含的几个层次服务:
  •SaaS( Software as a Service): 软件即服务,把在线软件作为一种服务。

  •Paas( Platform as a Service): 平台即服务,把平台作为一种服务。

  •Iaas( Infrastructure as a Service):基础设施即服务,把硬件设备作为一种服务。

3、OpenStack:是由Rackspace和NASA共同开发的云计算平台, 是一个开源的 IaaS(基础设施及服务)云计算平台,让任何人都可以自行建立和提供云端运算服务,每半年发布一次,用Python语言编写

4、Opens tack历史

5、OpenStack社区与链接

社区: www.openstack.org, wiki.openstack.org
邮件列表: http://wiki.openstack.org/MailingLists#General_List http://wiki.openstack.org/MailingLists#Development_List http://wiki.openstack.org/MailingLists#Operators
如何贡献代码: http://wiki.openstack.org/HowToContribute
源代码管理 :http://wiki.openstack.org/GerritWorkflow
文档 :http://docs.openstack.org

三、openstack架构及优势

OpenStack为私有云和公有云提供可扩展的弹性的云计算服务,这种服务云必须是简单部署并且扩展性强。

1、模块松耦合

2、组件配置较为灵活

3、二次开发容易

四、openstack构成组件

OpenStack共享服务组件:
  数据库服务( Database Service ):MairaDB 及 MongoDB 
  消息传输(Message Queues):RabbitMQ
  缓存(cache): Memcached 时间(time sync):NTP
  存储(storge provider):ceph、GFS、LVM、ISICI等
  高可用及负载均衡:pacemaker、HAproxy、keepalive、lvs等

OpenStack核心组件:
  身份服务( Identity Service ):Keystone
  计算( Compute ): Nova
  镜像服务( Image Service ): Glance 
  网络 & 地址管理( Network ): Neutron
  对象存储( Object Storage ): Swift
  块存储 (Block Storage) : Cinder 
  UI 界面 (Dashboard) : Horizon
  测量 (Metering) : Ceilometer
  部署编排 (Orchestration) : Heat




 

 

 

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Origin www.cnblogs.com/it-peng/p/11363239.html