Photography Glossary

1 Glossary

1.1 ISO and picture quality

ISO sensitivity is the meaning. Film, etc. There are several ISO100,200 and 400, which is a different film speed film. ISO sensitivity is the sensitivity of the photosensitive member to light. If ISO100 is set, the camera correct exposure for 2 seconds, then, under the same lighting conditions with ISO200 is set only 1 second, using ISO400 as long as 0.5 seconds. Digital cameras have ISO main menu select, 200, 400 or 800. Look at different models, low to ISO50, have high to 25600, the larger the number, the more sensitive (higher sensitivity). Although high ISO faster shutter speeds can be obtained, but the apparent particle image noise, can not withstand the enlarged fine FIG. So landscape photography to use the camera's lowest sensitivity before you can get a fine picture. High ISO is generally only used as a last resort.

1.2 Shutter speed (S)

The shutter device is controlled in the exposure time of the camera. A mechanical shutter, electronic shutter, mechanical and electronic shutter, and many other types of joint.

Refers to a shutter time from open to closed time interval of values ​​typically 1/4000 (1/4000 sec is 1) to 30 seconds, a shutter like a person blinking, blink faster see the less content, more the blink slower see.

We often say that the slow door / long exposure refers to the shutter time is set relatively long (such as 0.5 seconds), shot out of a paste results, there appear trajectory, if there will be a shoot water atomization Effect. If you want to shoot moving objects is very clear paste, quickly (such as 1/1000 second) need to set shutter speed, such as capture the athletes.

Aperture 1.3

Means that the lens aperture adjustment of the size of the light well. Common aperture value as follows: F1, F1.4, F2, F2.8, F4, F5.6, F8, F11, F16, F22, F32, F44, F64. Each inter-stage diaphragm value of about 2-fold difference between the root.

The role of the aperture

1. Control the amount of light, which directly affect whether the picture correctly exposed, is the key to the success of the shooting;

2. Controlling the depth of field, the aperture is, the greater the depth of field. Although the focal length and shooting distance affect depth of field, but changing the focal length and subject distance at the same time it will also affect the composition, if the composition is determined, we can control the depth of field of weapons left with the aperture;

3. Aperture affect the clarity of the picture, a shot is the best imaging (sharpest picture) in the middle of the aperture when the resolution of the difference between the maximum aperture and minimum aperture of the time;

4. Behind the smaller values ​​F, on behalf of the larger aperture, and vice versa. For example F1.4 aperture is larger than that represented by the aperture of F11 represents.

1.4 Exposure 

Simply means that the exposure of the photosensitive element receives light coming from the lens to form images of such a process. When we take a picture if the subject of the shot is too bright, so bright part of the screen is too bright because it will lose details of the performance, we say that this photograph overexposed; the same token, when you put the subject when the object is shot too dark, the dark details of the screen will be missing this photograph on a less exposed. Here are two photos one overexposed, one is less exposed, such exposure are not correct, they can not be called qualified pictures.

4. Exposure Compensation (EV)

Exposure compensation is a way of controlling exposure, although as with the ISO brightness of the screen has improved effects, but there are differences, the exposure compensation is mainly used in the camera metering inaccurate scene, such as shooting snow, snow cross large white reflecting the machine will think the environment is very bright, so automatically reduce exposure, shot out of the snow is gray, this time on the need to increase the exposure compensation manually, so shoot out of the snow is white. In this case raise the ISO will not achieve good results, but has brought a lot of noise.

 1.5 focal length

The focal length of the camera, that is, the distance imaging plane of the camera, and the like, in the end piece from the center of the lens, or CCD.

  Focus mode (AF)

Single Focusing into automatic focusing (AF-S), automatic continuous AF (AF-C), manual focus (MF). Automatic Single AF for shooting stationary objects, automatic continuous AF for capturing moving object, which is the focus of chasing the object will automatically go; manual focus is selected according to their own scene, left for flowers macro shot, big shot right fit scenes scenery.

 1.6  Lens

Standard lens, the focal length is equal to the backsheet (or CCD) camera diagonal length.

Whether used in traditional film SLR camera lens single-lens reflex camera, or the increasingly popular digital SLR camera special lens, the lens text logo are the basic attributes include the lens focal length parameters, aperture parameters, the distinct characteristics and other information .

White Balance (AWB)

The screen will have different lighting conditions color deviation, the next screen will Tungsten yellowish, greenish under fluorescent screen will, to eliminate minor deviations caused by such a light source, you need to use the white balance, but I usually default because a lot of the time difference is not obvious, post photos can also be adjusted.

In general, the shorter the focal length, the greater the camera angle; longer the focal length, the smaller the camera angle.

PS: wide-angle lens focal length is very short, wide viewing angle, and has a deep depth of field, more suitable for large photographs of the scene, such as architecture, landscape and other subjects.

Telephoto lens focal length, a small viewing angle, large image on the film. You can shoot at the same distance than the standard lens larger image. Suitable for shooting distant objects.