process
1 default daemon
2 ordinary process: the program will start its own program process
Note: The most common process system call can not go through the mobilization of hardware resources, they need the help of library files, to run properly on your system.
System call: Oh, not all processes are directly mobilize system call to direct the use of hardware resources
Library file
window ：.dll
L inux: .os
Common graphical control program
1. Where,
2.GNOME
3. xfce
Note: interactive graphics programs on Linux systems, is also a regular application (can not install)
Operating system architecture
hardware equipment
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kernel kernel - - - - - - - -
| （system call ） |
Applications library files
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Ordinary process (rather special: shell (managers interact with the system of Members))
OS development history
In order to achieve batch processing work: Bell Labs, GE general, MIT: Mutices (multi-tasking operating system)
Bell Labs and MIT withdraw from the project, while a Bell Labs scientist Ken Thompson in space travel in order to run the game; -. - DPD-7 (DEC company)
DPD-7-based operating system, and is willing to develop its own operating system on a Unix (assembly language).
In 1973 Ken and his colleagues have developed - C language (B improved language), to rewrite Unix in C language.
After coming to the University of California, Berkeley - -BSD (another operating system)
* Question: In the US market, while sales of the BSD and Unix operating systems, both for issues of copyright battle it, a lawsuit lasted 10 years. During this period, due to the popularity of personal pc
Microsoft gradually occupied the market
Because the US antitrust laws - - AT & T company was split (Unix source code is provided free of charge)
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IBM SUN HP
AIX. SunOS the HP-UNIX (minicomputer market which is the most common minicomputer operating system)
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Around the time of 1989, the Netherlands in 1980 after the United States Richard Stallman
Launched the GNU Project - - Open Source
Old professor of a university in order to |
Class, the students do not want to buy Unix |
Operating system, and then wrote a |
minix operating system; |
Around 1991, linus - in minix |
On a systematic basis, we developed the first GNU / Linux operating system
Linux operating system (* kernel *)
[Only] core
Kernel version of the problem with the GNU / Linux system
Kernel version:
kernel
GNU / Linux version:
Publisher version
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Red Hat debian
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Ubuntu
Common Publisher version:
redhat - - charge a service fee
centos - - Community Edition redhat
fedore - -
open SUSE (Europe)
debian (safety)
Ubuntu
Kirin, the red flag
Note: compatible with the x86 architecture, you can install window
Open source system
1、GNU
GNU is not Unix
GNU Project: The commercial version of the open source software program a plan;
Follow the GPL agreement: If you use a GNU open plan defined in the source code for the software program,
Must be all the code corresponding open;
Loose GPL agreement: In 1991, Richard Stallman authorized to do minor modifications,
The so-called General Public License version 2, at the same time, he also introduced a more
General Public License loose for a free library.
Authorized this series of effective protection of the free software from commercial software illegally violated
2, BSD
3、Apache
本身是一个做网站起家的社区；
Hadoop项目在2000年后，被称为apache项目的顶级项目。