Shutdown, reboot:
shutdown -h now: Shutdown
shutdown -r now: reboot
File and directory operations command:
pwd: Displays the current location path
cd: Change directory
cd -: switching to a path where
cd ~: switching the system to the variable "HOME" directory corresponding to, i.e., home directory path where
cd ..: Switch to the parent directory
tree: the display contents of the directory tree structure
tree -d: show only directory
tree -L level: directory traversal maximum number of layers, level positive integer greater than 0
Installation tree command:
rpm -qa tree
yum -y install tree
Solve the garbage command: LANG = en_US.UTF-8
mkdir: create directory
mkdir -p: recursively create a directory, meaning the parent directory and its subdirectories and its subdirectories (mkdir -p nba / laker / Bryant)
touch: create an empty file or change the file timestamp property
touch a.txt b.txt (create multiple files, separated by spaces)
ls: display contents of the directory and associated attribute information
ls -l: use a long list format file and directory information
ls -a: shows all files in the directory, including hidden files start with a character. ""
ls -t: according to the last modification time of ordering, the default file name sorting
ls -r: Sort according to the reverse order
ls -F: In the file with the file type indicator
*: Executable files
/ :table of Contents
=: Socket
| ：FIFOs
@: Symbolic link
ls -ld: When operating in a directory, lists the files in the directory itself and not the directory information
ls -h: shows the size of the file or directory (e.g. 1KB, 234MB, 2GB)
cp: copy files or directories
ls -a: keep the copy source file owner, permissions information and the time attribute; if the copy of the source file is a symbolic link, then only copy the symbolic link itself, but also keep the target file or symbolic link points to a directory; recursive copy directories
mv: Move or rename a file
mv [options] [source] [destination file]
rm: delete a file or directory
rm -f: thump thump thump thump! Forced to delete! Not prompt for confirmation!
find: Find Files directory (refer to the specific use of other materials, temporarily not write)
chown: change the file or directory users and groups
chown [options] [users. User Group] [file or directory]
chown -R: recursively users and change the directory group (chown -R oldboy.oldboy dir2 /)
chmod: change file or directory permissions
chmod [options] [pattern] [file or directory]
chmod -R: recursively change the file or directory permissions (chomd -R 777 dir2 /)
File permissions rwx; read-write executables; 421
rwx rwx rwx; is a limit sovereignty belongs to the group permission bits other user rights
In the content viewing and editing:
cat: merge files, or view file contents
cat -n: row number starting with 1 for output of all content
cat -b: -n and similar, but ignores the blank line number
Merge files: cat file.tet file2.txt> newfile.txt
less: page display file contents
less -N: display each line number
head: file contents header (first 10 lines)
tail: tail display file (the line 10)
vi / vim: plain text editor
vim three modes: Normal mode (normal mode pressing i enters edit mode), the edit mode, command mode (normal mode, enter a ":", the cursor is positioned on that line, you may perform the save and exit, search, replace , operation display line numbers and the like)
: Wq to save and exit
: Wq! Forced to exit and save
: Q! Forced to exit without saving
Text Processing Three Musketeers:
grep: Text filtering tools
grep [parameters] matching patterns [Find file]
sed: character stream editor
sed [options] [sed built-in command character] [input file]
awk