installation
https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/
Recommended free installation version of Tomcat (no directory on Chinese and spaces), provided that the JDK is already installed and configured the environment variables.
Linux environment unzip:
test
Double-click startup.bat, browser enter the url: localhost: 8080, if the pop Tomcat home page (black box could not close) the installation was successful.
Catalina.out view the log file, if there are mistakes, find conf \ Catalina \ localhost folder, there are two xml files host-manager.xml, manager.xml, delete them start Tomcat, no problem.
How to view the current version?
Into the implementation ./version.sh bin directory tomcat installation folder under linux
Into the implementation ./version.bat bin directory tomcat installation folder under windows
How to configure the administrator?
Profile: /conf/tomcat-users.xml
<? Xml Version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<Tomcat-the Users>
<Role rolename = "Manager" />
<Role rolename = "ADMIN" / >
<Role rolename = "Manager-GUI" />
<Role rolename = "ADMIN-GUI" />
<User username = "ADMIN" password = "ADMIN" Roles = "ADMIN-GUI, ADMIN, Manager-GUI, Manager" />
</ Tomcat-Users>
Note: If set Eclipse "Server Locations" is "Use Tomcat installation (takes control of Tomcat installation)", can not directly modify tomcat tomcat-users.xml installation directory / conf under, need to modify the file in Eclipse, and will take effect at the start tomcat, will be automatically updated tomcat tomcat-users.xml installation directory is in effect
How to resolve port conflicts?
Profile: /conf/server.xml
Note: 8080 is the default port, you can modify any of its ports, it is recommended to use more than 1024 port, port to avoid conflict with the public.
Review: restart the application.
<Connector connectionTimeout = "20000" port = "8080" protocol = "HTTP / 1.1" redirectPort = "8443" URIEncoding = "UTF-8" />
port conflict
in cmd window, netstat -ano, find the port number corresponding to the PID , → → process to find the corresponding process in task Manager, end the process can be.
How to modify the maximum number of threads?
server.xml
<Connector port="8880" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" maxThreads="1500" maxProcessors="450"
URIEncoding="UTF-8"/>
How to solve the problem of a Tomcat will shut down other Tomcat while switched off?
In fact: startup.bat start using a Tomcat, but found other Tomcat together also launched, it is the same principle.
The reason:
shutdown.bat file has one: IF not "% CATALINA_HOME%" == "" GOTO gotHome, perform a shutdown command, the program will look for according to CATALINA_HOME, this means that if the environment variable configuration of this path is not empty, on the implementation of this, otherwise it "set CATALINA_HOME =% cURRENT_DIR%" , that is, assign it to the current path.
Solution is to if not "% CATALINA_HOME%" == "" goto gotHome
preceded rem, give it to comment out, so every time the execution of the command will only operate on the current path.
Namely:
REM IF not "% CATALINA_HOME%" == "" GOTO gotHome
Similarly, if you start tomcat port configuration is invalid (address already in use), in startup.bat in this place plus rem.
Figure:
Running multiple services
If you need to make a run multiple Tomcat service, just copy the server.xml file <Service> element, and modify the parameters, we can achieve a Tomcat running multiple services, of course, must provide services in different ports.
WEB container position setting (for Eclipse)
如果为灰色，需要把tomcat下的所有項目移除。并右击，clean...之后方可設置，启动后将又变为黑色。（Eclipse默认把部署的项目放在workspace工作空间中，MyEclipse默认放在Tomcat安装路径下）
选择第二个，这样在Eclipse启动了tomcat服务器，我们也能访问到tomcat本地管理首页。否則只能在DOS下使用Tomcat的启动命令才能访问Tomcat本地管理首页。
Tomcat目录结构
bin: 启动和关闭tomcat的服务器.
conf: 这个路径比较重要.放的是tomcat服务器的配置文件.
lib: tomcat支持的jar包
存放Tomcat服务器的核心类库（JAR文件）；
如需扩展Tomcat，可将第三方类库复制到这个目录下。
logs: tomcat的日志记录.
temp: tomcat的临时文件的路径.
webapps：存放开发的项目的.一般情况下 一个项目会是一个文件夹.
该目录用于自动部署web应用；
将Web应用复制在该目录下，Tomcat会将该应用自动部署在容器中。
work: JSP被编译后文件存放的路径.（若发布新版本后页面仍显示老版本内容，可以将work目录下的文件清空，重新启动Tomcat），保存Web应用运行过程中编译生成的.class文件；该文件可以删除，但是每次启动Tomcat服务器时系统将再次建立该目录。
WEB工程/项目的目录结构
web工程
|--存放html 、css、js、img
|--WEB-INF
|-- web.xml （当前项目配置文件）
|-- classes 存放java类编译后的文件.
|-- lib 需要使用的第三方的jar包.
内存溢出问题如何解决？
在Eclipse中，内存溢出（报不能创建JAVA虚拟机错时，也可能是这里配错了。）
1、双击Tomcat，点击Open launch configuration，Arguments，
2、在VM arguments文本域最后边加：
-Xms256m -Xmx1024m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m
MyEclipse中
1、依次选择Preferences，Servers，Tomcat，Tomcat 6.x
2、在Optional program arguments后面加上：
-Xms256m -Xmx1024m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m
Linux系统下
1、在Tomcat安装目录下的/bin目录下：修改catalina.sh，加入：
JAVA_OPTS='-server -XX:PermSize=256M -XX:MaxPermSize=512m -Xmx15360m'
2、使用【chmod 777 catalina.sh】给catalina.sh赋权。
JSP页面乱码问题如何排查和解决？
JSP页面中告诉浏览器使用什么编码:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
HTML中设置:
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
Servlet中设置：
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
response.getWriter().print(str);
服务器接收浏览器传递的中文参数：
如果是POST请求：
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
String userName = request.getParameter();
注：getParameter()获取POST请求参数默认使用ISO-8859-1编码，setCharacterEncoding()方法仅对POST请求有效。
如果是GET请求：
String name = request.getParameter("username");
name = new String(name.getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
在Tomcat容器的server.xml中配置URIEncoding：
<Connector connectionTimeout="20000" port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" redirectPort="8443" URIEncoding="UTF-8" />
浏览器地址栏编码
http://localhost:8080/servlet/regist?name="张三"
如果在浏览器地址栏中直接给出带参数的URL，不是通过超链接方法访问服务器，那么这个参数是GBK编码的。没有办法处理这问题，因为在页面使用UTF-8编码，Servlet需要用UTF-8来解码，而此时URL中编码是GBK。但直接在地址栏中根本就不应该直接输入带有参数的URL，只有超链接中的URL是受页面的编码控制的。
IE6对UTF-8不友好（使用JS处理）
IE6对UTF-8不是很友好！它会把两个字节当成一个中文来处理，当字节数为奇数时，那么就最后一个字节就会丢失。例如我们的GET参数是“大家好”，对于UTF-8编码而言，它就是9个字节，因为中文在UTF-8编码中3个字节，三个汉字对应9个字节。IE6认为2个字节是一个汉字，那么最后一个字节不会发送到服务器端，IE6很不安全。
处理这个问题的办法是把GET请求中的参数使用JavaScript做URL编码，URL编码后的内容就不再是中文了，这样IE6也就不会丢失字节了。
<a href='javascript:_go()'>Encoding</a>
<script type="text/javascript">
function _go() {
location.href = encodeURI("EncodingServlet?name=大家好");
}
</script>
http://localhost/encoding/EncodingServlet?name=%E5%A4%A7%E5%AE%B6%E5%A5%BD
在使用URL编码后，大家好已经变成了%E5%A4%A7%E5%AE%B6%E5%A5%BD。这样就不会再丢失字节了。